Economic Recession, Alcohol, and Suicide Rates: Comparative Effects of Poverty, Foreclosure, and Job Loss
Economic Recession, Alcohol, and Suicide Rates: Comparative Effects of Poverty, Foreclosure, and Job Loss
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.021
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
McFarland, Bentson H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kerr, William C.;Kaplan, Mark S.;McFarland, Bentson H.
简介：2008 年至 2009 年经济衰退期间，自杀率和与酒精有关的自杀比例有所上升。调查了县级贫困、丧失抵押品赎回权、失业率和自杀率以及与酒精相关的自杀比例之间的关联。方法：2015 年，利用 2005 年至 2011 年 16 个州的国家暴力死亡报告系统数据来计算县级的自杀率以及与酒精相关的自杀的衡量标准。具有年份和州固定效应的面板模型包括县级失业率、丧失抵押品赎回权和贫困率的衡量标准。结果：对于所有性别和所有年龄组来说，贫困率与自杀率密切相关，对于 45-64 岁的男性来说，贫困率与饮酒导致的自杀呈正相关，对于 20-44 岁的男性来说，贫困率与自杀率呈负相关。对于女性和 65 岁以上的人来说，止赎率与自杀率呈负相关，但对于 45-64 岁的人来说，止赎率与自杀率呈正相关。失业率对自杀率的影响是由所有群体的贫困率介导的。结论：人口自杀风险与县级贫困率的相关性最为明显，表明解决地区贫困的计划应以降低自杀风险为目标。 45-64 岁男性的贫困率也与酗酒程度增加有关，这表明酒精在这个工作年龄组的自杀中发挥着重要作用。然而，在四个群体中发现经济指标与酗酒之间存在负相关关系，这表明这些指标未涵盖的非经济因素或更普遍的经济影响可能在与酒精相关的自杀增加中发挥了更大的作用。 (C) 2016 年美国预防医学杂志。由爱思唯尔公司出版。保留所有权利。
Introduction: Suicide rates and the proportion of alcohol-involved suicides rose during the 2008-2009 recession. Associations between county-level poverty, foreclosures, and unemployment and suicide rates and proportion of alcohol-involved suicides were investigated.Methods: In 2015, National Violent Death Reporting System data from 16 states in 2005-2011 were utilized to calculate suicide rates and a measure of alcohol involvement in suicides at the county level. Panel models with year and state fixed effects included county-level measures of unemployment, foreclosure, and poverty rates.Results: Poverty rates were strongly associated with suicide rates for both genders and all age groups, were positively associated with alcohol involvement in suicides for men aged 45-64 years, and negatively associated for men aged 20-44 years. Foreclosure rates were negatively associated with suicide rates for women and those aged >= 65 years but positively related for those aged 45-64 years. Unemployment rate effects on suicide rates were mediated by poverty rates in all groups.Conclusions: Population risk of suicide was most clearly associated with county-level poverty rates, indicating that programs addressing area poverty should be targeted for reducing suicide risk. Poverty rates were also associated with increased alcohol involvement for men aged 45-64 years, indicating a role for alcohol in suicide for this working-aged group. However, negative associations between economic indicators and alcohol involvement were found for four groups, suggesting that non-economic factors or more general economic effects not captured by these indicators may have played a larger role in alcohol-related suicide increases. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.