Michel Foucault as "Thin" Communitarian: Difference, Community, Democracy
Michel Foucault as "Thin" Communitarian: Difference, Community, Democracy
复制标题
米歇尔·福柯作为“瘦”社群主义者：差异、社群、民主
DOI：
10.1177/153270860200200403
复制
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Olssen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Olssen
本文并不主张以个人主义退缩和性快感的审美强化为中心的伦理花花公子主义的变体，而是认为福柯的伦理和政治作品最好可以被表述为一种被称为“薄”社群主义的非一元论社群主义形式。在这个模型中，差异和统一是配对或平衡的。尽管差异比传统的启蒙哲学理论赋予了更大的范围，但作者认为，如果要保持连贯性，它就必须与社区模型相关联。进一步扩展这一论点，他认为民主联合主义的一种形式更适合他想要的政治共同体类型。从这个意义上说，福柯最好被描述为一个“薄弱的”社群主义者，不是罗尔斯、哈贝马斯或具有实质性共同目标或统一纽带（communio）的前现代概念中的社群，而是一种不受任何组织或有约束力的法律或原则统治的互动多样性（commercium），并且是一种默契、理解和规则的结构，代表了政治理性的基础，作为解决问题的务实准则，而不是一个解决问题的方法。一套基于真理的普遍认识论原则。
Rather than advocating a variant of ethical dandyism revolving around individualistic withdrawal and the aesthetic intensification of sexual pleasures, this article argues that Foucault's ethical and political ouvre can best be represented as a form of nonmonistic communitariamsm termed "thin" communitarianism. In this model, difference and unity are paired or balanced. Although difference is given greater scope than in traditional enlightenment philosophical theorizing, the author argues that it must be nevertheless contextualized in relation to a model of community if it is to be coherent. Extending the argument further, he argues that a form of democratic associationism better fits the type of political community he intends. In this sense, Foucault is best represented as a "thin" communitarian, not in the sense of Rawls, Habermas, or the premodern notion of a community as having a substantive common goal or unified bond (communio), but rather as a interactive multiplicity (commercium) not ruled by any organizing or binding law or principle, and as a structure of tacit agreements, understandings, and rules that represent the basis of political reason as a pragmatic code for problem solving rather than a set of universal epistemological principles based on truth.