Force propagation across cells: mechanical coherence of dynamic cytoskeletons.
Force propagation across cells: mechanical coherence of dynamic cytoskeletons.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ceb.2009.01.020
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发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Sheetz MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai Y;Sheetz MP
细胞的关键功能是在组织和器官中提供从基质到基质、从基质到细胞或从细胞到细胞的受力连接以及力产生结构。在完全分化的皮肤细胞中，大部分力由中间纤维承担。在动态组织或基质上的分离细胞中，肌球蛋白II通过应力纤维或其他跨细胞质网络拉动肌动蛋白产生高力。在上皮细胞中，肌球蛋白II在伤口周围形成收缩环，提供肿胀和重组力方面显然起着关键作用。一个主要的谜团是一个动态的细胞骨架如何创造一个机械连贯的细胞质。我们认为，关键在于连续组装的肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白丝在细胞周围，最近已发现在分离的成纤维细胞。
A critical function of cells is to provide a force-bearing linkage from matrix to matrix, matrix to cells or from cell to cell in a tissue and organ as well as a force generating structure. In fully differentiated skin cells, much of the force is borne by intermediate filaments. In dynamic tissues or isolated cells on matrix, high forces are generated by myosin II pulling on actin; either through stress fibers or through some other trans-cytoplasmic network. In epithelia, myosin II clearly plays a critical role in forming a contractile ring around wounds that provides turgor and restructuring forces. A major mystery is how a dynamic cytoskeleton can create a mechanically coherent cytoplasm. We suggest that the key lies in the continuous assembly of actin and myosin filaments in the cell periphery that has been recently found in isolated fibroblasts.