AN AUSTRALIA‐WIDE OUTBREAK OF GASTROENTERITIS FROM OYSTERS CAUSED BY NORWALK VIRUS
AN AUSTRALIA‐WIDE OUTBREAK OF GASTROENTERITIS FROM OYSTERS CAUSED BY NORWALK VIRUS
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诺沃克病毒引起的牡蛎胃肠炎在澳大利亚大范围爆发
DOI：
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发表时间：
1979
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
R. Millsom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Murphy;G. Grohmann;P. Christopher;W. A. Lopez;G. R. Davey;R. Millsom
1978年6月和7月，至少有2000人参与了澳大利亚范围内的牡蛎相关食物中毒爆发。当时，这一事件对整个社区构成了重大的健康风险，随后对牡蛎养殖和分销业构成了严重的经济问题。虽然细菌化验结果显示部分批次的生蚝受污水污染，但未能确定是由细菌引致。致病微生物被证明是诺瓦克病毒，一种已知的急性非细菌性胃肠炎的原因。这种病毒被发现在39%的粪便标本检查电子显微镜和抗体反应证明了免疫电子显微镜在75%的配对血清测试。诺沃克病毒以前在美国以外的国家没有发现过，以前也没有与食源性胃肠炎有关。已采取净化牡蛎和其他措施，以防止再次爆发。
At least 2000 persons were involved in an Australia‐wide outbreak of oyster‐associated food poisoning in June and July, 1978. At the time, this episode presented a major health risk to the community as a whole and has subsequently posed a serious economic problem for the oyster farming and distributing industry. Although bacteriological investigations indicated some batches of oysters were contaminated by sewage, no bacterial cause could be established. The causative organism was shown to be Norwalk virus, a known cause of acute non‐bacterial gastroenteritis. This virus was found in 39% of faecal specimens examined by electron microscopy and an antibody response was demonstrated by immune electron microscopy in 75% of paired sera tested. Norwalk virus has not been identified previously outside the United States of America and has not been linked to food‐borne gastroenteritis before. Purification of oysters and other measures have been instituted to prevent a recurrence of the outbreak.