Modification of the visual background increases the conspicuousness of golden-collared manakin displays
Modification of the visual background increases the conspicuousness of golden-collared manakin displays
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视觉背景的修改增加了金领侏儒鸟展示的显眼性
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arh106
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
J. Endler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Albert C. Uy;J. Endler
有效的视觉通信需要易于检测、传输、接收和辨别的信号。动物可以通过与其视觉背景形成对比的不断演变的信号来增加其视觉信号被检测到的可能性。动物可以通过改变现有视觉背景的行为来进一步增强这种对比度。雄性金领侏儒鸟（Manacus vitellinus）清除地上的落叶，形成庭院，用作展示场地。使用信号（雄性羽毛）和视觉背景（清理的球场和邻近垃圾）的反射率测量、展示期间环境光的辐照度测量以及已发表的雀形目鸟类光感受器敏感性测量，我们检验了以下假设：球场清理增强了雄性羽毛和视觉背景之间的对比度。我们发现，求爱期间使用的金色斑块与清理过的场地的色彩和亮度对比比与相邻垃圾的色彩和亮度对比更大。此外，我们发现，干净的球场为这些色块提供了较少变化的背景，从而导致显示与视觉背景形成一致的对比。这些结果表明，视觉背景的行为改变可能会增加展示过程中彩色雄性羽毛的显着性，这解释了为什么金领侏儒鸟以及可能的其他物种会建造或清理展示场。版权所有2004。
Effective visual communication requires signals that are easy to detect, transmit, receive, and discriminate. Animals can increase the probability that their visual signals would be detected by evolving signals that contrast with their visual background. Animals can further enhance this contrast by behaviorally modifying the existing visual background. Male golden-collared manakins (Manacus vitellinus) clear leaf litter from the ground to form courts, which are used as display arenas. Using reflectance measures of the signal (male plumage) and the visual background (cleared court and adjacent litter), the irradiance measures of ambient light during display, and published measures of photoreceptor sensitivity of a Passerine, we test the hypothesis that court-clearing augments the contrast between male plumage and the visual background. We find that the chromatic and brightness contrasts of golden patches used during courtship are greater against the cleared court than against adjacent litter. In addition, we find that cleared courts provide a less variable background for these color patches, resulting in displays that consistently contrast the visual background. These results suggest that behavioral modification of the visual background may act to increase the conspicuousness of colorful male plumage during display, providing an explanation for why golden-collared manakins, and possibly other species, build or clear display courts. Copyright 2004.