Development of macrofaunal community structure in mussel beds on the northern East Pacific Rise
Development of macrofaunal community structure in mussel beds on the northern East Pacific Rise
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DOI：
10.3354/meps302121
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Van Dover, CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dreyer, JC;Knick, KE;Van Dover, CL
对1999年和2001年在东太平洋海隆9°50‘N(9N)的3个已知年龄段(1999年为4~8年)的热液喷口贻贝床的大型动物群落结构(物种组成、丰度、生物量、秩次、物种丰富度和多样性)进行了分析比较。除了这种时间序列方法外，基于2001年采集的4个贝类床(北纬9度)和1个贻贝床(北纬11度25‘)样本的时间序列，可以比较从6岁到14岁的贻贝床的大型动物群落结构。群落结构的许多方面(等级丰度模式、优势种和多样性)在1999年和2001年的样本中是相似的。根据物种丰度和物种生物体积矩阵，2001年采样的幼贻贝(6-7年)和老贻贝(10-14年)可通过多变量分析加以区分，但差异在于优势物种的相对丰富度，而不是优势物种身份的任何实质性变化。就丰度和生物量而言，帽贝是所有地点的优势物种；与其他物种相比，它和其他优势物种的适合度可能略高一些，这使得它们无论年龄或贻贝床的位置如何，都能作为优势物种持续存在。2001年在9N和11N采样的大型动物群落生物量的减少与贻贝层年龄的增加有关，并被认为主要是对生物过程的反应，包括自由生活和共生的化学自养生物对无机底物的竞争，以及贻贝导致大型动物物种幼虫死亡，而不是热液活动减弱的结果。
Comparisons of macrofaunal community structure (species composition, abundance, biovolume, rank order, species richness, diversity) in hydrothermal vent mussel beds at 9 degrees 50'N (9N) on the East Pacific Rise were made from analysis of multiple quantitative samples collected in 1999 and 2001 from each of 3 mussel beds of known age (4 to 8 yr in 1999). In addition to this time series approach, a chronosequence based on 2001 samples from 4 mussel beds at 9N and 1 mussel bed at 11 degrees 25'N (11N) allowed comparison of macrofaunal community structure for mussel beds ranging in age from 6 to > 14 yr. Many aspects of community structure (rank abundance patterns, dominant species, and diversity) were similar in 1999 and 2001 samples. Young (6 to 7 yr) and old (10 to 14 yr) mussel beds sampled in 2001 could be distinguished using multivariate analyses, based on species abundance and species biovolume matrices, but the differences were in the relative abundance of the dominant species rather than in any substantial changes in the identity of the dominant species. The limpet Lepetodrilus elevatus was the dominant species at all sites in terms of abundance and biovolume; it and other dominant species may have slightly greater fitness compared to other species that allows them to persist as dominants regardless of the age or location of mussel beds. Decreasing biovolume of macrofaunal communities sampled at 9N and 11N in 2001 was correlated with increasing age of the mussel beds and is postulated to be largely a response to biological processes; including competition for inorganic substrates by free living and symbiotic chemoautotrophs and mussel induced mortality of larvae of macrofaunal species, rather than the result of waning hydrothermal activity.