Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Induced by the Secondary Gravity Waves From the Tonga Eruption on 15 January 2022: Modeling With MESORAC‐HIAMCM‐SAMI3 and Comparison With GPS/TEC and Ionosonde Data
Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Induced by the Secondary Gravity Waves From the Tonga Eruption on 15 January 2022: Modeling With MESORAC‐HIAMCM‐SAMI3 and Comparison With GPS/TEC and Ionosonde Data
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2022 年 1 月 15 日汤加火山爆发的二次重力波引起的行进电离层扰动:使用 MESORAC – HIAMCM – SAMI3 进行建模并与 GPS/TEC 和电离探空仪数据进行比较
DOI:
10.1029/2023ja031408
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bossert, Katrina
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vadas, Sharon L.;Figueiredo, Cosme;Becker, Erich;Huba, J. D.;Themens, David R.;Hindley, Neil P.;Mrak, Sebastijan;Galkin, Ivan;Bossert, Katrina
We simulate the gravity waves (GWs) and traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) created by the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai (hereafter “Tonga”) volcanic eruption on 15 January 2022 at ∼04:15 UT. We calculate the primary GWs and forces/heatings generated where they dissipate with MESORAC, the secondary GWs with HIAMCM, and the TIDs with SAMI3. We find that medium and large‐scale TIDs (MSTIDs and LSTIDs) are induced by the secondary GWs, with horizontal phase speedscH≃ 100–750 m/s, horizontal wavelengthsλH≃ 600–6,000 km, and ground‐based periodsτr≃ 30 min to 3 hr. The LSTID amplitudes over New Zealand are ≃2–3 TECU, but decrease sharply ≃ 5,000 km from Tonga. The LSTID amplitudes are extremely small over Australia and South Africa because body forces create highly asymmetric GW fields and the GWs propagate perpendicular to the magnetic field there. We analyze the TIDs from SAMI3 and find that a 30 min detrend window eliminates the fastest far‐field LSTIDs. We analyze the GPS/TEC via detrending with 2–3 hr windows, and find that the fastest LSTIDs reach the US and South America at ∼8:30–9:00 UT withcH≃ 680 m/s,λH≃ 3,400 km, andτr≃ 83 min, in good agreement with model results. We find good agreement between modeled and observed TIDs over New Zealand, Australia, Hawaii, Japan and Norway. The observed F‐peak height, hmF2, drops by ≃ 110–140 km over the western US with a 2.8 hr periodicity from 8:00 to 13:00 UT. We show that the Lamb waves (LWs) observed by AIRS withλH= 380 km have amplitudes that are ≃ 2.3% that of the primary GWs atz≃ 110 km. We conclude that the observed TIDs can be fully explained by secondary GWs rather than by “leaked” LWs.
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DOI:
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发表时间:
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期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
影响因子:
--
作者:
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Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
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