Neural responses to taxation and voluntary giving reveal motives for charitable donations
Neural responses to taxation and voluntary giving reveal motives for charitable donations
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1140738
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发表时间：
2007-06-15
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Burghart, Daniel R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harbaugh, William T.;Mayr, Ulrich;Burghart, Daniel R.
民间社会之所以能发挥作用，是因为人们纳税并为提供公益物而进行慈善捐助。慈善捐款的一个可能动机被称为“纯粹的利他主义”，无论其来源或意图如何，都是通过增加公共利益来满足的。另一个可能的动机，“温暖的光芒”，只有通过个人自己的自愿捐赠才能实现。与纯粹的利他主义相一致，我们发现，即使是强制性的，像税收一样的转移到慈善机构也会引起与奖励处理相关的神经活动。此外，对慈善机构财务收益的神经反应可以预测自愿捐赠。然而，与温暖的辉光一致，当人们自愿进行转移时，神经活动进一步增加。纯粹的利他主义和温暖的动机似乎决定了金融转移到公共利益的享乐后果。
Civil societies function because people pay taxes and make charitable contributions to provide public goods. One possible motive for charitable contributions, called "pure altruism," is satisfied by increases in the public good no matter the source or intent. Another possible motive, " warm glow," is only fulfilled by an individual's own voluntary donations. Consistent with pure altruism, we find that even mandatory, tax-like transfers to a charity elicit neural activity in areas linked to reward processing. Moreover, neural responses to the charity's financial gains predict voluntary giving. However, consistent with warm glow, neural activity further increases when people make transfers voluntarily. Both pure altruism and warm-glow motives appear to determine the hedonic consequences of financial transfers to the public good.