Host Mitochondrial Association Evolved in the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii via Neofunctionalization of a Gene Duplicate.
Host Mitochondrial Association Evolved in the Human Parasite Toxoplasma gondii via Neofunctionalization of a Gene Duplicate.
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.115.186270
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发表时间：
2016-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Boyle JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adomako-Ankomah Y;English ED;Danielson JJ;Pernas LF;Parker ML;Boulanger MJ;Dubey JP;Boyle JP
在弓形虫（Toxoplasma gondii）中，宿主线粒体缔合（HMA）由编码多个线粒体缔合因子1（MAF1）蛋白的基因家族驱动。然而，MAF1基因复制在HMA进化中的重要性尚不清楚，HMA对寄生虫生物学的影响也不清楚。在这里，我们使用种内和种间比较分析，以确定MAF1基因座是重复的T。弓形虫及其现存最近的亲戚哈蒙迪，但不是另一个近亲，犬新孢子虫。利用跨物种互补，我们确定MAF1基因座含有多个不同的旁系同源物，它们在介导HMA的能力上不同，并且只有T。gondii和H.哈蒙迪港HMA+旁系同源物。此外，我们发现，在T.在小鼠感染过程中，通常不表现出HMA的弓形虫菌株提供了相对于其野生型对应物的竞争优势。这些数据表明，HMA可能是通过T. gondii和H. Hammondi，并且新功能化基因复制是选择性有利的。
In Toxoplasma gondii, an intracellular parasite of humans and other animals, host mitochondrial association (HMA) is driven by a gene family that encodes multiple mitochondrial association factor 1 (MAF1) proteins. However, the importance of MAF1 gene duplication in the evolution of HMA is not understood, nor is the impact of HMA on parasite biology. Here we used within- and between-species comparative analysis to determine that the MAF1 locus is duplicated in T. gondii and its nearest extant relative Hammondia hammondi, but not another close relative, Neospora caninum. Using cross-species complementation, we determined that the MAF1 locus harbors multiple distinct paralogs that differ in their ability to mediate HMA, and that only T. gondii and H. hammondi harbor HMA+ paralogs. Additionally, we found that exogenous expression of an HMA+ paralog in T. gondii strains that do not normally exhibit HMA provides a competitive advantage over their wild-type counterparts during a mouse infection. These data indicate that HMA likely evolved by neofunctionalization of a duplicate MAF1 copy in the common ancestor of T. gondii and H. hammondi, and that the neofunctionalized gene duplicate is selectively advantageous.