A study on the social structure and dispersal patterns of hamadryas baboons living in a commensal group at Taif, Saudi Arabia
A study on the social structure and dispersal patterns of hamadryas baboons living in a commensal group at Taif, Saudi Arabia
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DOI：
10.1007/s10329-007-0045-2
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发表时间：
2007-04
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
A. Mori;A. Yamane;Hideki Sugiura;T. Shotake;A. Boug;T. Iwamoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Mori;A. Yamane;Hideki Sugiura;T. Shotake;A. Boug;T. Iwamoto
在所有研究地点都观察到了狒狒社会结构的三个层次——单一男性单位（OMU）、群体和队伍，但在对已识别个体的分散情况进行纵向检查时，仅在埃塞俄比亚埃雷戈塔的一个地点观察到第四个层次——氏族。该氏族很重要，因为它似乎为男性哲学提供了基础，尽管需要其他地点的比较数据来证实这一点。我们研究了沙特阿拉伯的一个巨大的狒狒共生群体（超过 600 只动物）。 1998 年至 2004 年间，我们在狒狒身上贴上耳标，并根据这些标记动物之间的相互作用，特别关注它们在 OMU 中的扩散模式，分析了社会结构。 OMU 的成员资格往往比埃塞俄比亚狒狒的成员资格更宽松。在我们的研究组中，女性倾向于根据个人情况在 OMU 之间转移，而 OMU 的崩溃是埃塞俄比亚成年女性转移的一个主要事件。我们既没有发现稳定的群体（我们研究组中的“群体”被定义为 OMU 的区域性集合），也没有发现持续数年的氏族。一些OMU在短期和长期内迁移和转移到邻近地区。此外，一些青春期后的男性似乎搬出了研究区域。我们研究组中 OMU 中成年女性的比例高于任何其他有记录的研究地点，这可能是 OMU 之间女性转移增加的原因。很大一部分青春期女性没有表现出明确的 OMU 成员身份，也没有可辨别的“初始单位”（在埃塞俄比亚常见）。在研究地点，年轻雄性轻易获得成年雌性，肯定破坏了氏族、“男性社会”的形成。
Three levels of hamadryas social structure—the one male unit (OMU), the band, and the troop—have been observed at all sites studied, but a fourth—the clan—has been observed at only one site, Erer-Gota, Ethiopia, during a longitudinal check of the dispersion of identified individuals. The clan is important since it appears to provide the basis for male philopatry, although comparative data is needed from other sites to confirm this. We studied a huge commensal group of hamadryas baboons (over 600 animals) in Saudi Arabia. We put ear tags on baboons between 1998 and 2004 and analyzed social structure, relying on the interactions of these tagged animals by focusing especially on their dispersal patterns from OMUs. OMU membership tended to be looser than that of the Ethiopian hamadryas. Females tended to shift between OMUs on an individual basis in our study group, whereas the collapse of an OMU was a major occasion of adult female transfer in Ethiopia. We found neither stable bands (a “band” in our study group was defined as a regional assemblage of OMUs) nor clans that lasted for several years. Some OMUs moved and transferred into neighboring areas over both the short and long term. Further, some post-adolescent males appeared to move out of the study area. The ratio of adult females in an OMU in our study group was larger than for any other documented study site, and this may be the reason for enhanced female transfer between OMUs. A large proportion of the adolescent females showed no clear membership to OMUs, and no “initial units” (commonly observed in Ethiopia) were discernible. The ease with which young males acquired adult females at the study site must have disrupted the formation of a clan, a “male-bonded society.”