Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Current aspects of diagnostics, local therapy options and the update of the 2016 WHO classification
Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Current aspects of diagnostics, local therapy options and the update of the 2016 WHO classification
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DOI：
10.1007/s00120-016-0192-4
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stief, C. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Karl, A.;Grimm, T.;Stief, C. G.
膀胱尿路上皮癌被称为泌尿生殖道最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。尤其是非肌层浸润性膀胱癌（NMIBC），其复发率较高，给公共卫生系统带来较高的费用。为了提高NMIBC的复发率和预后，诊断、切除技术、辅助滴注治疗以及肿瘤病灶准确的组织病理学分类是必不可少的。本文对该领域的最新进展进行了概述。当前的欧洲泌尿外科协会（EAU）指南和德国膀胱癌S3指南的初步版本将光动力诊断（PDD）和窄带成像（NBI）列为膀胱肿瘤的诊断程序。膀胱肿瘤切除的趋势是使用各种技术进行整块切除。此外，WHO分类的更新旨在更好地识别NMIBC的不同危险人群并预测其预后。只有将优化诊断、精准肿瘤切除、改进辅助膀胱灌注治疗和正确的肿瘤组织病理学评估相结合，才能提高NMIBC的治疗水平。
Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is known as one of most common malignant tumors in the urogenital tract. Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in particular has a high recurrence rate and results in correspondingly high costs for the public health system.To improve the recurrence rate and the prognosis of NMIBC the diagnosis, resection technique, adjuvant instillation therapy and exact histopathological classification of tumor lesions are indispensable. This article gives an overview on the current developments in this field.The current European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines and the preliminary version of the German S3 guidelines on bladder cancer list photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and narrow band imaging (NBI) as diagnostic procedures for tumors of the bladder. The trend for resection of bladder tumors is towards the use of en bloc resection using various techniques. Furthermore, an update of the WHO classification aims at a better identification and prognosis of the different risk groups of NMIBC.The treatment of NMIBC can only be improved by the combination of optimized diagnosis, precise tumor resection, improved adjuvant intravesical therapy and correct histopathological evaluation of tumors.