Development of sex differences in spatial memory
Development of sex differences in spatial memory
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DOI：
10.2466/pms.1999.89.1.339
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发表时间：
1999-08-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Barnfield, AMC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnfield, AMC
在空间能力测试中，男性通常比女性表现得更好。然而，Silverman和Eals（1992）发现，女性在某些任务上可以超过男性，特别是物体位置的回忆。本研究调查了女性开始回忆物体位置的年龄。回忆测试对象阵列（常见物体的线条画）使用样本的80名成年人（M年龄= 21岁）。3个年龄组139名儿童。成人数据复制了早期的研究结果，表明女性的记忆力更强。在不同年龄的儿童样本- 4岁。（n = 43），10-11岁。（n = 53），和15-16岁。（n = 43）-没有显示出显着的性别差异，在这种类型的回忆。研究结果表明，女性在成年后的空间能力可能超过男性，这显然是由于在童年和青春期的空间记忆逐渐改善。
Males typically perform better than females on tests of spatial abilities. However, Silverman and Eals (1992) found that females can surpass males on certain tasks, in particular recall of object location. This study investigated the age at which females begin having greater recall in object location. Recall was tested with object arrays (sets of line drawings of common objects) using samples of 80 adults (M age = 21 yr.) and 139 children at 3 age groups. Adult data replicated earlier findings, indicating significantly greater recall by women. The samples of children at different ages - 4 yr. (n = 43), 10-11 yr. (n = 53), and 15-16 yr. (n = 43) - did not show significant sex differences in this type of recall. The findings suggest that females may surpass males in this spatial ability as adults, apparently due to gradual improvements in spatial memory through childhood and adolescence.