Responses of water environment to tidal flat reduction in Xiangshan Bay: Part I hydrodynamics
Responses of water environment to tidal flat reduction in Xiangshan Bay: Part I hydrodynamics
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象山湾水环境对滩涂减少的响应：第一部分水动力
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecss.2017.11.003
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发表时间：
2017-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
X.H. Wang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Li;W. Guan;J. Hu;P. Cheng;X.H. Wang
象山湾由一个深潮道和三个浅水湾组成。通过沿海建设，利用了大面积的滩涂。为了确定这些工程对河道-入口系统潮汐动力学的累积影响，本研究利用FVCOM研究海湾的潮汐和水流不对称性，并数值模拟滩涂消失引起的潮汐动力学的长期变化。结果发现，1963年至2010年潮滩面积的减少略微抑制了M2潮汐振幅（0.1 m，∼6%），并通过减少浅滩效应提前了其相位，而在内湾则放大了M4潮汐振幅（0.09 m，∼27%）并通过减少了底部摩擦而提前了其相位。因此，海湾高程偏度绝对值（~20%）的降低表明落潮优势受到抑制。潮汐和潮汐不对称性受潮滩位置、面积和坡度的影响，通过潮汐棱镜的变化、浅滩效应和底部摩擦力的影响，进而影响海湾内潮汐持续时间的不对称性。潮汐和潮汐不对称对湾头的滩涂比对岸边的更敏感。蒂埃河口周围潮滩坡度的减少/增加削弱了落潮的主导作用。滩涂的作用是消散M4潮而不是产生M4潮，而平流对产生M4潮仅起次要作用。全面的潮滩填海将引发海湾内潮汐与洪水主导地位的逆转。这项研究适用于全球类似的狭窄海湾。
Xiangshan Bay consists of a deep tidal channel and three shallow inlets. A large-scale tidal flat has been utilized through coastal construction. To ascertain the accumulate influences of these engineering projects upon the tidal dynamics of the channel-inlets system, this study uses FVCOM to investigate the tides and flow asymmetries of the bay, and numerically simulate the long-term variations of tidal dynamics caused by the loss of tidal flats. It was found that the reduction of tidal flat areas from 1963 to 2010 slightly dampened M2tidal amplitudes (0.1 m, ∼6%) and advanced its phases by reducing shoaling effects, while amplified M4tidal amplitudes (0.09 m, ∼27%) and advanced its phases by reducing bottom friction, in the inner bay. Consequently, the ebb dominance was dampened indicated by reduced absolute value of elevation skewness (∼20%) in the bay. The tides and tidal asymmetry were impacted by the locations, areas and slopes of the tidal flats through changing tidal prism, shoaling effect and bottom friction, and consequently impacted tidal duration asymmetry in the bay. Tides and tidal asymmetry were more sensitive to the tidal flat at the head of the bay than the side bank. Reduced/increased tidal flat slopes around the Tie inlet dampened the ebb dominance. Tidal flat had a role in dissipating the M4tide rather than generating it, while the advection only play a secondary role in generating the M4tide. The full-length tidal flats reclamation would trigger the reverse of ebb to flood dominance in the bay. This study would be applicable for similar narrow bays worldwide.
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