Microbial experimental evolution as a novel research approach in the Vibrionaceae and squid-Vibrio symbiosis.
Microbial experimental evolution as a novel research approach in the Vibrionaceae and squid-Vibrio symbiosis.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2014.00593
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Nishiguchi MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soto W;Nishiguchi MK
弧菌科是一个遗传和代谢多样化的家庭，生活在水生栖息地，具有与真核微生物和多细胞宿主（作为共生体，病原体和共生体）发展相互作用的巨大倾向。弧菌科通常有一个生命史周期，细菌在一个阶段附着在宿主上，然后在另一个阶段，它们作为浮游细菌的一部分或附着在固体基质上，如海洋沉积物、河床、湖床或漂浮的颗粒碎片。这两个阶段在它们的生活史上施加了截然不同的选择压力。当与固体底物或宿主细胞结合时，弧菌科也可以作为复杂的生物膜存在。生物发光弧菌（Vibrio spp.）与鱿鱼（Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae）之间的关系是研究细菌与动物宿主相互作用的实验模型，因为共生体和鱿鱼宿主可以在实验室中相互独立地维持。细菌可以在纯培养中生长，鱿鱼宿主用无菌光器官培养。自由生活的弧菌共生体和从卵中孵化出来的无菌鱿鱼幼体之间的伙伴关系必须在头足类寄主的每一代中更新。因此，共生细菌和动物宿主既可以单独研究，也可以共同研究。尽管弧菌科和海鞘鱿鱼-弧菌共生提供了优点，但进化生物学的这些资产尚未被充分利用于微生物实验进化。回顾了已经完成的实验进化研究，以及未来研究的探索性主题。
The Vibrionaceae are a genetically and metabolically diverse family living in aquatic habitats with a great propensity toward developing interactions with eukaryotic microbial and multicellular hosts (as either commensals, pathogens, and mutualists). The Vibrionaceae frequently possess a life history cycle where bacteria are attached to a host in one phase and then another where they are free from their host as either part of the bacterioplankton or adhered to solid substrates such as marine sediment, riverbeds, lakebeds, or floating particulate debris. These two stages in their life history exert quite distinct and separate selection pressures. When bound to solid substrates or to host cells, the Vibrionaceae can also exist as complex biofilms. The association between bioluminescent Vibrio spp. and sepiolid squids (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae) is an experimentally tractable model to study bacteria and animal host interactions, since the symbionts and squid hosts can be maintained in the laboratory independently of one another. The bacteria can be grown in pure culture and the squid hosts raised gnotobiotically with sterile light organs. The partnership between free-living Vibrio symbionts and axenic squid hatchlings emerging from eggs must be renewed every generation of the cephalopod host. Thus, symbiotic bacteria and animal host can each be studied alone and together in union. Despite virtues provided by the Vibrionaceae and sepiolid squid-Vibrio symbiosis, these assets to evolutionary biology have yet to be fully utilized for microbial experimental evolution. Experimental evolution studies already completed are reviewed, along with exploratory topics for future study.