Populations of Pacific Oysters Crassostrea gigas Respond Variably to Elevated CO2 and Predation by Morula marginalba
Populations of Pacific Oysters Crassostrea gigas Respond Variably to Elevated CO2 and Predation by Morula marginalba
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太平洋牡蛎种群对二氧化碳浓度升高和桑葚捕食的反应各不相同
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发表时间：
2014
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Ross
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作者：
John M. Wright;L. Parker;W. O'Connor;M. Williams;P. Kube;P. Ross
预计海洋酸化会减少钙化，增加有壳软体动物的溶解。壳较薄和较弱的软体动物可能更容易被捕食，但并非所有研究都测量到软体动物对pCO2升高的负面反应。最近测量软体动物反应的研究发现，群体水平的变异性比最初预期的要大。在这里，我们调查的影响酸化的捕食性螺桑椹marginalba和遗传不同的亚群太平洋牡蛎长牡蛎。螺和八个家系的C.将千兆克分别暴露于环境（385 ppm）和升高的（1000 ppm）pCO2中6周。在此期间，M.将marginalba转移到装有牡蛎的水箱中，在环境和升高的pCO2下放置17天。与环境pCO2相比，牡蛎壳高度的增加平均减少63%。不同家系间壳的抗压强度、厚度和质量存在差异。gigas，有时pCO2和家族之间的相互作用。与预期相反，这项研究发现，与环境pCO2相比，猎物的壳强度增加，捕食者的壳强度降低。10天后，无论C。Gigas已经暴露于环境或升高的CO2，但这不依赖于家族血统，并且17天后效果不显著。我们的研究发现，增加捕食暴露后的捕食者预测不久的未来水平的河口pCO2。
Ocean acidification is anticipated to decrease calcification and increase dissolution of shelled molluscs. Molluscs with thinner and weaker shells may be more susceptible to predation, but not all studies have measured negative responses of molluscs to elevated pCO2. Recent studies measuring the response of molluscs have found greater variability at the population level than first expected. Here we investigate the impact of acidification on the predatory whelk Morula marginalba and genetically distinct subpopulations of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Whelks and eight family lines of C. gigas were separately exposed to ambient (385 ppm) and elevated (1000 ppm) pCO2 for 6 weeks. Following this period, individuals of M. marginalba were transferred into tanks with oysters at ambient and elevated pCO2 for 17 days. The increase in shell height of the oysters was on average 63% less at elevated compared to ambient pCO2. There were differences in shell compression strength, thickness, and mass among family lines of C. gigas, with sometimes an interaction between pCO2 and family line. Against expectations, this study found increased shell strength in the prey and reduced shell strength in the predator at elevated compared to ambient pCO2. After 10 days, the whelks consumed significantly more oysters regardless of whether C. gigas had been exposed to ambient or elevated CO2, but this was not dependent on the family line and the effect was not significant after 17 days. Our study found an increase in predation after exposure of the predator to predicted near-future levels of estuarine pCO2.