Nanoscale engineering of biomimetic surfaces: cues from the extracellular matrix
Nanoscale engineering of biomimetic surfaces: cues from the extracellular matrix
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DOI：
10.1007/s00441-009-0896-5
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
K. Mark;Jung Park;S. Bauer;P. Schmuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Mark;Jung Park;S. Bauer;P. Schmuki
仿生材料在组织工程中用作永久或可吸收组织植入物的设计的最终目标是产生具有适当的生物力学和化学性质的生物相容支架，以允许细胞的黏附、生长和存活。因此，最近的努力集中在构建和修饰仿生表面，以支持组织特异性细胞功能，包括黏附、生长、分化、运动和组织特异性基因的表达。四十年来对细胞外基质(ECM)的结构及其对细胞行为和细胞命运的生物学影响的广泛研究表明，来自ECM的三种类型的信息与仿生表面的设计相关：(1)物理属性(细胞环境的弹性、硬度和弹性)，(2)来自各种细胞外基质分子中的多肽表位的特定化学信号，以及(3)微环境粘附点的纳米级形貌。最初的物理和化学方法旨在通过喷砂、颗粒涂层或蚀刻来改善生物材料表面的粘附性，后来又尝试通过在生物材料表面涂覆纤维连接蛋白、弹性蛋白、层粘连蛋白和胶原蛋白等ECM大分子或它们的整合素结合表位(包括RGD、YIGSR和GFOGER)来提高生物材料的生物活性。最近，新的纳米技术的发展，如光或电子束纳米光刻，聚合物分离，纳米印迹，模压成型，或产生定义直径(15-200 nm)的二氧化钛纳米管，打开了构建具有特定纳米图案的仿生表面的可能性，通过刺激整合素聚集来激发组织特异性细胞反应。这一发展为新型生物材料的设计提供了新的输入。允许在纳米尺度上为细胞构建几何定义的微环境的新技术应该有助于研究整合素介导的细胞信号的纳米拓扑依赖的机制。
The ultimate goal in the design of biomimetic materials for use in tissue engineering as permanent or resorbable tissue implants is to generate biocompatible scaffolds with appropriate biomechanical and chemical properties to allow the adhesion, ingrowth, and survival of cells. Recent efforts have therefore focused on the construction and modification of biomimetic surfaces targeted to support tissue-specific cell functions including adhesion, growth, differentiation, motility, and the expression of tissue-specific genes. Four decades of extensive research on the structure and biological influence of the extracellular matrix (ECM) on cell behavior and cell fate have shown that three types of information from the ECM are relevant for the design of biomimetic surfaces: (1) physical properties (elasticity, stiffness, resilience of the cellular environment), (2) specific chemical signals from peptide epitopes contained in a wide variety of extracelluar matrix molecules, and (3) the nanoscale topography of microenvironmental adhesive sites. Initial physical and chemical approaches aimed at improving the adhesiveness of biomaterial surfaces by sandblasting, particle coating, or etching have been supplemented by attempts to increase the bioactivity of biomaterials by coating them with ECM macromolecules, such as fibronectin, elastin, laminin, and collagens, or their integrin-binding epitopes including RGD, YIGSR, and GFOGER. Recently, the development of new nanotechnologies such as photo- or electron-beam nanolithography, polymer demixing, nano-imprinting, compression molding, or the generation of TiO2nanotubes of defined diameters (15–200 nm), has opened up the possibility of constructing biomimetic surfaces with a defined nanopattern, eliciting tissue-specific cellular responses by stimulating integrin clustering. This development has provided new input into the design of novel biomaterials. The new technologies allowing the construction of a geometrically defined microenvironment for cells at the nanoscale should facilitate the investigation of nanotopography-dependent mechanisms of integrin-mediated cell signaling.