Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies.
Mucins in Intestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation: Learning From Clinical and Experimental Studies.
复制标题
肠粘膜防御和炎症中的粘蛋白：从临床和实验研究中学习。
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2020.02054
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Khan WI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grondin JA;Kwon YH;Far PM;Haq S;Khan WI
在整个胃肠道（GI）中，由高度糖基化的蛋白质（称为粘蛋白）组成的独特粘液层在为食物通过提供润滑、参与细胞信号传导途径以及保护宿主上皮免受肠道微生物和入侵病原体以及毒素和其他环境刺激物的影响方面发挥着重要作用。这些粘蛋白可以广泛地分为分泌的凝胶形成粘蛋白（为粘液屏障提供结构骨架的那些）或跨膜粘蛋白（形成覆盖下面的上皮细胞的糖萼层的那些）。分散在肠上皮细胞中的杯状细胞主要负责肠内粘蛋白的合成和分泌，并受到与免疫系统相互作用的严重影响。来自临床和动物研究的证据表明，几种胃肠道疾病，包括炎症性肠病（IBD），结直肠癌和许多肠道感染伴随着粘蛋白质量和数量的显著变化。这些变化包括但不限于杯状细胞功能受损、合成失调和翻译后修饰改变。本文综述了粘蛋白的结构和功能特征，以及粘蛋白的产生和免疫调节，并探讨了粘蛋白在肠道炎症屏障功能和宿主防御中的作用。
Throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a distinct mucus layer composed of highly glycosylated proteins called mucins plays an essential role in providing lubrication for the passage of food, participating in cell signaling pathways and protecting the host epithelium from commensal microorganisms and invading pathogens, as well as toxins and other environmental irritants. These mucins can be broadly classified into either secreted gel-forming mucins, those that provide the structural backbone for the mucus barrier, or transmembrane mucins, those that form the glycocalyx layer covering the underlying epithelial cells. Goblet cells dispersed among the intestinal epithelial cells are chiefly responsible for the synthesis and secretion of mucins within the gut and are heavily influenced by interactions with the immune system. Evidence from both clinical and animal studies have indicated that several GI conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer, and numerous enteric infections are accompanied by considerable changes in mucin quality and quantity. These changes include, but are not limited to, impaired goblet cell function, synthesis dysregulation, and altered post-translational modifications. The current review aims to highlight the structural and functional features as well as the production and immunological regulation of mucins and the impact these key elements have within the context of barrier function and host defense in intestinal inflammation.