Factor one, familiarity and frontal cortex: a challenge to the two-factor theory of delusions.
Factor one, familiarity and frontal cortex: a challenge to the two-factor theory of delusions.
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因素一，熟悉度和额叶皮层：对妄想二因素理论的挑战。
DOI：
10.1080/13546805.2019.1606706
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Corlett,PhilipR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corlett,PhilipR
简介：双因素理论认为，妄想需要两种神经心理学损伤，一种是感知（使内容模糊），另一种是信念评估（使螺旋形成和维持）。卡普格拉妄想症;相信自己所爱的人已经被冒名顶替，然后需要两个独立的过程;首先是对熟悉的面孔缺乏皮肤电导反应，所以所爱的人感觉不同。这已经在四名腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC）受损但没有妄想症的患者中得到证实。因此，双因素理论家需要第二个因素：信念评估的变化，这与右背外侧前额叶皮层（rDLPFC）的损伤有关。方法：对妄想、知觉和信念的认知神经心理学的基础和相关论文进行文献综述。这四名vmPFC患者一起出现在另一份出版物中，没有被双因素理论家引用，其中记录了他们的损伤程度。这四个案例不仅对熟悉的面孔缺乏皮肤反应，而且对更普遍的突出心理刺激缺乏反应，这挑战了因素一。结论：双因素理论存在缺陷，应重新评价。
Introduction: Two-factor theory suggests delusions require two neuropsychological impairments, one in perception (which furnishes content), and a second in belief evaluation (that augers formation and maintenance). Capgras delusion; the belief that one’s loved one has been replaced by an imposter, then entails two independent processes; first a lack of skin conductance response to familiar faces so the loved one feels different. This has been demonstrated in four patients with damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) but who do not have delusions. Thus two-factor theorists demand a second factor: a change in belief evaluation, which is associated with damage to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC).Methods: Literature review of foundational and related papers on the cognitive neuropsychology of delusions, perception and belief.Results: The four vmPFC patients appear together in another publication, uncited by two-factor theorists, in which the full extent of their damage is documented. These four cases not only lack skin responses to familiar faces, but lack responses to salient psychological stimuli more generally, which challenges factor one. They also have damage outside vmPFC, including damage to rDLPFC, which challenges factor two.Conclusion: Two-factor theory is found lacking and should be reappraised.