Grounding traffic: The cocaine commodity chain and land grabbing in eastern Honduras
Grounding traffic: The cocaine commodity chain and land grabbing in eastern Honduras
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接地交通：洪都拉斯东部的可卡因商品链和土地掠夺
DOI：
10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.07.008
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Z. Pearson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. McSweeney;D. Wrathall;E. Nielsen;Z. Pearson
本文使用全球商品链（GCC）框架，探讨非法经济活动和农村变化的关系。我们解开了微观层面的经济过程，洪都拉斯东部的莫斯科地区事实上的土地掠夺被该地区作为可卡因过境的全球中心的优势所催化和加速。（2008-2012年）。我们展示了“毒品经纪人”如何动员长期存在的经济基础设施来利用土地和劳动力来运输毒品，以及这些“中游”活动如何从可卡因商品链中攫取数百万美元。我们详细介绍了这些美元通过深刻扭曲围绕土地治理、劳动力、粮食生产和最终土地所有权的社会关系，最终将土地集中在情境中的过程。其结果是普遍的剥夺、土地和资源私有化、粮食不安全加剧、社区冲突和社会分层加剧。土地从当地小农户转让给精英阶层有助于（a）使该地区横向融入洪都拉斯以食利者为基础的养牛经济，以及（B）通过该地区的圈地提供的投机和洗钱服务，改善泛半球可卡因贸易的纵向一体化。这个案例突出了经济上的暴力是如何与在边境土地掠夺中公开的身体暴力的更充分研究的作用协同工作的。我们敦促更多地关注非法资本在全球土地改革中的作用。该研究还指出，过境空间有可能更广泛地揭示（非法）全球商品链和非法经济地理的运作情况。
This paper uses a global commodity chain (GCC) framework to explore the nexus of illicit economic activities and rural change. We unpack the micro-level economic processes by which ade factoland grab in eastern Honduras' Moskitia region was catalyzed and accelerated by the region's ascendance as a global hub of cocaine transit (ca. 2008–2012). We show how 'narco-brokers' mobilized a long-standing economic infrastructure to harness land and labor in the service of moving drugs, and how these 'mid-stream' activities captured millions of dollars from the cocaine commodity chain. We detail the processes by which those dollars ultimately concentrated land amongin situandex situelites by profoundly distorting social relations around land governance, labor, food production, and—ultimately—land ownership. The result was widespread dispossession, land and resource privatization, increased food insecurity, community conflict, and increased social stratification. Lands transferred from resident smallholders to elites helped to (a) integrate the region horizontally into Honduras' rentier-based cattle economy, and (b) improve the vertical integration of the pan-hemispheric cocaine trade through the speculation and profit- laundering services that the region's enclosure provided. This case highlights how economic coercions work synergistically with the more well-studied role of overt physical violence in frontier land grabs. We urge greater attention to the role of illicit capital in agrarian transformation globally. The study also points to the potential for transit spaces to shed much light on the workings of (illicit) global commodity chains and illicit economic geographies more broadly.
尼加拉瓜的萨内米恩托领土和解决土著-混血土地冲突的前景
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Sylvander, Nora
通讯作者：
Sylvander, Nora