Formal Connections between Template and Anchor Models via Approximate Simulation

Formal Connections between Template and Anchor Models via Approximate Simulation
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通过近似模拟建立模板模型和锚模型之间的正式连接

DOI:
10.1109/humanoids43949.2019.9035022
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
2019 IEEE-RAS 19th International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lin, Hai
Lin, Hai
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kurtz, Vince;da Silva, Rafael Rodrigues;Wensing, Patrick M.;Lin, Hai

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线性倒立摆(LIP)和弹簧加载倒立摆(SLIP)等降阶模板模型是控制高维仿人机器人的广泛使用的工具。然而,模板和全身模型之间的联系缺乏正式的基础,无法在集成控制器设计时提供正式的保证。通过考虑近似模拟的概念,我们朝着解决这一差距迈出了一小步。近似相似源于形式方法中离散过渡系统的仿真关系,它意味着两个系统的输出可以保持ε-接近。在本文中,我们考虑了用LIP模型通过规划来控制平衡器的情况。我们证明,平衡器近似模拟唇部,并推导出线性约束,这些约束是保持地面接触的充分条件。这允许通过求解在整个模型中实施接触约束的二次规划来使用模板模型快速计划和重新计划。我们在平面四连杆平衡器的模拟推力恢复场景中演示了这种规划和控制范例的有效性。
Reduced-order template models like the Linear Inverted Pendulum (LIP) and Spring-Loaded Inverted Pendulum (SLIP) are widely used tools for controlling high-dimensional humanoid robots. However, connections between templates and whole-body models have lacked formal underpinnings, preventing formal guarantees when it comes to integrated controller design. We take a small step towards addressing this gap by considering the notion of approximate simulation. Derived from simulation relations for discrete transition systems in formal methods, approximate similarity means that the outputs of two systems can remain ε-close. In this paper, we consider the case of controlling a balancer via planning with the LIP model. We show that the balancer approximately simulates the LIP and derive linear constraints that are sufficient conditions for maintaining ground contact. This allows for rapid planning and replanning with the template model by solving a quadratic program that enforces contact constraints in the full model. We demonstrate the efficacy of this planning and control paradigm in a simulated push recovery scenario for a planar 4-link balancer.
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