INVESTIGATION ON CATASTROPHIC LANDSLIDE OF JANUARY 11,2013 AT ZHAOJIAGOU,ZHENXIONG COUNTY,YUNNAN PROVINCE
INVESTIGATION ON CATASTROPHIC LANDSLIDE OF JANUARY 11,2013 AT ZHAOJIAGOU,ZHENXIONG COUNTY,YUNNAN PROVINCE
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Yin Yueping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yin Yueping
2013年1月11日，云南省镇雄县发生特大滑坡，泥石流行程约850米，泥石流体积约400余吨，赵家沟村60余间房屋被毁，46人遇难。在地质方面，采用有限元法分析了长期降雨和采煤条件下的滑坡机理，滑坡场地位于乌市常见的煤系地层中，上为中三叠世高层理倾角的灰岩、白云岩，中层为相对高层理倾角的砂泥岩，下三叠统，底部地层为页岩、泥岩，煤层倾角平缓，上二叠统，地层系统工程地质上硬下软，水文地质上富下贫地下水结构，极易发生滑坡灾害，场地地形呈“靴子形”地面剖面从上到下，上部地面陡峭，易失稳，中部和底部地面宽阔，平缓，地面剖面为长距离跑出运动提供了条件，使势能转化为动能，因此，场地易形成高速、长行程滑坡灾害，滑坡带可划分为滑坡源区，滑坡体高速飞出，直接滑覆在村民房屋上，在山体滑坡过程中，同时，剩余的碎石液化喷出，冲埋了沿着平缓河谷的其他村庄房屋，成为造成这次巨大灾害的最重要原因。造成了超过10%的这一结果表明，陡坡河谷上的崩坡积体在长时间的作用下会发生破坏滑坡体下煤层厚度较薄，上覆岩层距滑坡基底垂直距离约200 m，1960 ~ 1970年的采煤对滑坡体的变形和稳定性影响不大。加强对重大地质灾害的公众风险管理和应对，加强对煤层相关地层区高速、长距离滑坡的早期识别，加强复杂地质灾害防治的专业培训。
On January 11,2013,a large landslide occurred in Zhenxiong county,Yunnan Province.The debris traveled about 850m.The debris volume was about 400,000m3.More than 60 houses in Zhaojiagou village were destroyed.46 persons were killed by the debris.This paper presents the field investigation on the cause of the landslide which unusually occurred in dry-season.It uses finite element method to analyze the mechanism of landslide under the conditions of long-term rainfall and coal mining.In geology,the landslide site located in coal-related strata which is common in Wu-meng mountains.The upper strata are limestone and dolomite of high bedding dip angles and middle Triassic epoch.The middle strata are sand shale of relatively high bedding dip angles and lower Triassic epoch.The bottom strata are shale and mudstone with coal seams of gentle bedding dip angles and upper Permian epoch.The strata system has an upper hard and lower soft structure in engineering geology and an upper rich and lower poor groundwater structure in hydrogeology.It is very vulnerable to landslide disasters.The site topography looks like a "boot-shaped" profile from top to bottom.The upper ground is steep and easy to be unstable.The middle and bottom grounds are wide and gentle.The ground profile offers the condition for long run-out motion and makes potential energy to transfer into kinetic energy.Therefore,the site can easily form high-speed and long travel distance landslide that causes disasters.The landslide zone can be divided into landslide source area,shoveling and stripping and deposition area and debris covered village disaster area.The flying landslide debris with high speed directly slipped and covered over the village houses.In the meantime,the rest ejected debris liquefied and rushed and buried other village houses along the gentle stream valley.They became the most important reason for the huge disaster.The finite element simulation results show the following.The rainfall led the groundwater table rising,which caused a more than 10% reduction of the factor of safety value of the slope.This result may demonstrate that the slope colluvium on steep stream valleys can be triggered to fail by long duration of small rainfall.The coal bed beneath the landslide has relatively thin thickness.The vertical distance of the upper strata between the coal seam and the landslide base is about 200m.The coal mining between 1960 and 1970 did not have noticeable effect to the slope deformation and stability.Based on the social problem induced by this landslide disaster,the authors put forward the following suggestions: to reinforce the public risk management and responding of huge geological disaster,to enhance the early recognition of high speed and long travel distance landslides in coal bed related strata areas,to improve the professional training of complex geological disaster prevention.