Pattern Recognition Receptors in Cancer Progression and Metastasis.
Pattern Recognition Receptors in Cancer Progression and Metastasis.
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DOI：
10.4137/cgm.s24314
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dwarakanath BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pandey S;Singh S;Anang V;Bhatt AN;Natarajan K;Dwarakanath BS
先天免疫系统是对病理生理刺激的炎症反应的组成部分。Toll样受体（TLR）和炎性小体是激活刺激（信号）特异性促炎反应的先天免疫系统的主要传感器和模式识别受体（PRR）。已发现PRR的慢性激活与各种癌症的侵袭性和不良预后相关。早期认为PRR的参与仅限于感染和损伤驱动的致癌作用，其中它们被致病性配体激活。随着损伤相关分子模式（DAMP）作为PRR配体的识别，PRR在致癌中的作用也涉及其他非病原体驱动的肿瘤。死亡（凋亡或坏死）细胞脱落过多的DAMP，导致PRR的持续激活，导致慢性炎症和癌变。TLR的这种慢性活化通过调节促炎细胞因子、金属蛋白酶和整联蛋白来促进肿瘤细胞增殖并增强肿瘤细胞侵袭和转移。由于PRRs在致癌中的决定性作用，靶向PRRs似乎是一种有效的癌症预防策略。本文就PRRs与各种癌症的关系及其在肿瘤发生中的作用作一综述。
The innate immune system is an integral component of the inflammatory response to pathophysiological stimuli. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and inflammasomes are the major sensors and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of the innate immune system that activate stimulus (signal)-specific pro-inflammatory responses. Chronic activation of PRRs has been found to be associated with the aggressiveness of various cancers and poor prognosis. Involvement of PRRs was earlier considered to be limited to infection- and injury-driven carcinogenesis, where they are activated by pathogenic ligands. With the recognition of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) as ligands of PRRs, the role of PRRs in carcinogenesis has also been implicated in other non-pathogen-driven neoplasms. Dying (apoptotic or necrotic) cells shed a plethora of DAMPs causing persistent activation of PRRs, leading to chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis. Such chronic activation of TLRs promotes tumor cell proliferation and enhances tumor cell invasion and metastasis by regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, metalloproteinases, and integrins. Due to the decisive role of PRRs in carcinogenesis, targeting PRRs appears to be an effective cancer-preventive strategy. This review provides a brief account on the association of PRRs with various cancers and their role in carcinogenesis.