Electricity market design for generator revenue sufficiency with increased variable generation
Electricity market design for generator revenue sufficiency with increased variable generation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enpol.2015.09.012
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Botterud, Audun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levin, Todd;Botterud, Audun
我们提出了一种计算效率高的混合整数规划(MIP)，用于确定电力系统中最优的发电机扩展决策以及小时机组组合和调度。以一个接近德克萨斯州电力市场(ERCOT)的测试案例为例，分析了风电容量增加对最优发电组合和发电机盈利能力的影响。我们分析了三种可能支持资源充足性的市场政策：运营储备需求曲线(ORDC)、固定储备稀缺性价格(FRSP)和固定能力支付(CP)。最优扩展计划在ORDC和FRSP实施之间具有可比性，而能力付费可能会导致额外的新能力。FRSP政策导致频繁的储量稀缺事件和相应的价格飙升，而ORDC的实施导致能源价格更加连续。在所有政策下，平均能源价格随着风力渗透率的增加而下降，基本负荷和风力发电机的收入也是如此。中级和高峰负荷电厂受益于较高的备用价格，较少受到能源价格下降的影响。在其他条件相同的情况下，Ordc方法可能比FRSP更受欢迎，因为它产生了类似的扩张和收入，而能源价格不那么极端。固定的CP导致额外的新的灵活的NGCT单元，但其他技术的利润较低。(C)2015爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
We present a computationally efficient mixed-integer program (MIP) that determines optimal generator expansion decisions, and hourly unit commitment and dispatch in a power system. The impact of increasing wind power capacity on the optimal generation mix and generator profitability is analyzed for a test case that approximates the electricity market in Texas (ERCOT). We analyze three market policies that may support resource adequacy: Operating Reserve Demand Curves (ORDC), Fixed Reserve Scarcity Prices (FRSP) and fixed capacity payments (CP). Optimal expansion plans are comparable between the ORDC and FRSP implementations, while capacity payments may result in additional new capacity. The FRSP policy leads to frequent reserves scarcity events and corresponding price spikes, while the ORDC implementation results in more continuous energy prices. Average energy prices decrease with increasing wind penetration under all policies, as do revenues for baseload and wind generators. Intermediate and peak load plants benefit from higher reserve prices and are less exposed to reduced energy prices. All else equal, an ORDC approach may be preferred to FRSP as it results in similar expansion and revenues with less extreme energy prices. A fixed CP leads to additional new flexible NGCT units, but lower profits for other technologies. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.