Enhancing Graduate and Postdoctoral Education To Create a Sustainable Biomedical Workforce
Enhancing Graduate and Postdoctoral Education To Create a Sustainable Biomedical Workforce
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DOI：
10.1089/hum.2016.154
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Fuhrmann, Cynthia N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fuhrmann, Cynthia N.
博士培养的生物医学科学家正在进入科学领域越来越多样化的职业。然而，研究生和博士后培训计划历来侧重于学术生涯的准备，并没有充分准备学员过渡到其他科学职业。科学倡导者提出了这样一种担忧，即集体忽视博士前和博士后学员更广泛的职业发展需求可能会使未来几代人的人才远离科学。一个转变正在发生，其中大学越来越多地投资于集中的职业发展计划，以满足这一需求。在这个角度来看，我反映的运动，使生物医学博士的职业发展的聚光灯下，在最近几年，以及这一运动如何影响了学术生物医学界和职业发展领域。我为希望建立或加强职业发展计划的大学提供建议，包括如何发展重视职业发展作为博士前和博士后培训一部分的校园文化的建议。我还建议教师可能采取的步骤，以促进他们的学员的职业发展，无论学员的职业抱负。最后，我反思了最近国家在生物医学博士职业发展领域激励创新，评估和研究的努力，并提出了科学界可以采取的行动，以支持生物医学职业发展进一步作为一个学术学科。这些投资将使新方法得到严格测试和有效传播，以支持这一快速增长的领域。最终，加强生物医学职业发展对于吸引最优秀的科学人才并帮助他们有效地进入将维持我们国家科学事业的职业至关重要。
PhD-trained biomedical scientists are moving into an increasingly diverse variety of careers within the sciences. However, graduate and postdoctoral training programs have historically focused on academic career preparation, and have not sufficiently prepared trainees for transitioning into other scientific careers. Advocates for science have raised the concern that the collective disregard of the broader career-development needs for predoctoral and postdoctoral trainees could drive talent away from science in upcoming generations. A shift is occurring, wherein universities are increasingly investing in centralized career development programs to address this need. In this Perspective, I reflect on the movement that brought biomedical PhD career development to the spotlight in recent years, and how this movement has influenced both the academic biomedical community and the field of career development. I offer recommendations for universities looking to establish or strengthen their career development programs, including recommendations for how to develop a campus culture that values career development as part of pre- and postdoctoral training. I also suggest steps that faculty might take to facilitate the career development of their mentees, regardless of the mentee's career aspirations. Finally, I reflect on recent national efforts to incentivize innovation, evaluation, and research in the field of biomedical PhD career development, and propose actions that the scientific community can take to support biomedical career development further as a scholarly discipline. These investments will enable new approaches to be rigorously tested and efficiently disseminated to support this rapidly growing field. Ultimately, strengthening biomedical career development will be essential for attracting the best talent to science and helping them efficiently move into careers that will sustain our nation's scientific enterprise.