Information-Theoretic Properties of Auditory Sequences Dynamically Influence Expectation and Memory
Information-Theoretic Properties of Auditory Sequences Dynamically Influence Expectation and Memory
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DOI：
10.1111/cogs.12477
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Pearce, Marcus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agres, Kat;Abdallah, Samer;Pearce, Marcus
认知的一个基本功能是检测感觉输入的规律性，以促进对未来事件的预测和识别。有人提出，这些隐含的期望来自内部预测编码模型，基于通过统计学习等过程获得的知识，但不同类型的统计信息如何影响听者对听觉刺激的记忆尚不清楚。我们使用行为和计算相结合的方法来研究非语言听觉序列的记忆。参与者反复听到音调序列，这些音调序列在信息论属性上有系统地变化。在三次听力会话中收集了声调的预期等级，并在每次会话后进行了再认记忆测试。序列可预测性的信息论测量显著影响了听者的期望评级，而这些属性的变化对记忆性能有显著的影响。随着暴露的增加，可预测的序列产生了越来越好的记忆性能。使用听觉期望概率模型的计算模拟表明，在整个实验过程中，听者动态地形成了一种新的、越来越准确的关于序列信息理论结构的内隐认知模型。
A basic function of cognition is to detect regularities in sensory input to facilitate the prediction and recognition of future events. It has been proposed that these implicit expectations arise from an internal predictive coding model, based on knowledge acquired through processes such as statistical learning, but it is unclear how different types of statistical information affect listeners' memory for auditory stimuli. We used a combination of behavioral and computational methods to investigate memory for non-linguistic auditory sequences. Participants repeatedly heard tone sequences varying systematically in their information-theoretic properties. Expectedness ratings of tones were collected during three listening sessions, and a recognition memory test was given after each session. Information-theoretic measures of sequential predictability significantly influenced listeners' expectedness ratings, and variations in these properties had a significant impact on memory performance. Predictable sequences yielded increasingly better memory performance with increasing exposure. Computational simulations using a probabilistic model of auditory expectation suggest that listeners dynamically formed a new, and increasingly accurate, implicit cognitive model of the information-theoretic structure of the sequences throughout the experimental session.