Association between executive attention and physical functional performance in community-dwelling older women
Association between executive attention and physical functional performance in community-dwelling older women
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/54b.5.s262
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发表时间：
1999-09-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Brandt, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carlson, MC;Fried, LP;Brandt, J
目标。执行功能监督工作记忆的内容，其中来自长期记忆的信息与当前的信息相结合。本研究考察了在认知完整和身体功能高的老年妇女中，执行注意力能力是否与复杂的日常生活工具性活动（IADLs）的表现有独特的联系。参与者为406名社区居民。妇女健康与老龄化研究（WHAS） II中70-80岁的老年妇女，使用迷你精神状态检查筛选为身体功能高，认知完整。采用分层回归模型，对人口统计学和疾病变量进行调整，评估认知领域（包括执行注意力、记忆、精神运动速度和空间能力）与IADL（例如查找和拨打电话号码）和基于移动的ADL（例如：移动）的汇总测量之间的关联。步行4米)功能。执行注意力测试与日常生活水平表现相关（6.6%），在较小程度上与基于行动能力的日常生活水平相关（1%），并根据人口统计学和疾病变量进行调整。特别是，Trail Making Test的心理灵活性成分在IADL表现的注意差异中占了大部分。年龄越大，受教育程度越低。和非裔美国人种族也与较差的体能测试成绩有关。相对于其他认知领域，在高功能社区老年队列中，灵活规划和启动行动方案的执行困难选择性地与高阶IADL测试的较慢表现相关。这些结果表明，执行功能可能在调节身体功能衰退的发生和发展中起重要作用。
Objectives. Executive functions supervise the contents of working memory, where information from long-term memory is integrated with information in the immediate present. This study examined whether executive attentional abilities were uniquely associated with the performance of complex, instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) in cognitively intact and physically high-functioning older women.Methods. Participants were 406 community-residing. older women aged 70-80 years in the Women's Health and Aging Study (WHAS) II, screened to be physically high functioning and cognitively intact using the Mini-Mental State Exam. Hierarchical regression models, adjusted for demographic and disease variables, were used to evaluate the association of cognitive domains, including executive attention, memory, psychomotor speed, and spatial ability with summary measures of IADL (e.g., looking up and dialing a telephone number) and mobility-based ADL (e.g.. walking 4 meters) function.Results. Tests of executive attention were associated with performance on IADLs (6.6%) and, to a lesser degree, mobility-based ADLs (1%), adjusting for demographic and disease variables. In particular, the mental flexibility component of the Trail Making Test accounted for the majority of attentional variance in IADL performance. Older age, lower education. and African American race were also associated with poorer physical test performances.Discussion. Executive difficulties in flexibly planning and initiating a course of action were selectively associated with slower performance of higher-order IADL tests, relative to other domains of cognition, in a high-functioning, community-based older cohort. These results suggest that executive functions may be important in mediating the onset and progression of physical functional declines.