Going, Going, ...Gone? The Decline of Party Membership in Contemporary Europe
Going, Going, ...Gone? The Decline of Party Membership in Contemporary Europe
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去，去，……走了？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Thomas Poguntke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ingrid van Biezen;P. Mair;Thomas Poguntke
本文概述了21世纪世纪第一个十年结束时欧洲民主国家的党员水平，并将今天的党员人数与1980年和1990年代末的数据进行了比较，同时考察了这些水平随时间的变化。虽然主要依赖于直接和个人的成员人数，由缔约方自己报告，适合的数据与调查数据进行了探讨，并得出结论，这两个表现良好的收敛效度。大民主国家和小民主国家之间的差异进行检查，以及旧的和新的民主国家，研究发现，政党的党员人数与民主政体的规模和年龄有关。最后，在成员数据中观察到的模式的影响进行了讨论，并建议，成员现在已经达到这样一个低潮，它可能不再构成党的组织能力的相关指标。本文概述并初步分析了21世纪世纪头十年末欧洲民主国家的党员水平，并讨论了党员人数变化对我们理解党组织模式的影响。前两部分提供了欧洲民主国家党员数据的广泛比较，并分析了党员随时间的变化，将当代水平与20世纪80年代和90年代末的水平进行比较，并探讨了国家模式的变化。在第三部分中，我们讨论了我们在成员数据中观察到的模式的一些影响，并建议成员现在已经达到了如此低的低潮，它可能不再构成党的组织能力的相关指标。或者，如果党员资格继续被视为衡量党组织实力的一个有意义的尺度，那么我们可能会得出结论，党组织已经达到了如此低的水平，正式的组织水平本身不再是党的能力的相关指标。在介绍21世纪世纪第一个十年结束时欧洲民主国家党员水平的概况时，我们的24个
This article offers an overview of levels of party membership in European democ- racies at the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century and looks also at changes in these levels over time, comparing party membership today with figures from both 1980 and the late 1990s. While relying primarily on the direct and individual membership figures as reported by the parties themselves, the fit of the data with survey data is explored and it is concluded that the two perform well in terms of convergent validity.The differences between large and small democracies are examined, as well as old and new democracies, and it is found that levels of party membership are related to both the size and age of the democratic polity in question. Finally, the implications of the patterns observed in the membership data are discussed, and it is suggested that membership has now reached such a low ebb that it may no longer constitute a relevant indicator of party organisational capacity. This article offers an overview and initial analysis of the levels of party mem- bership in European democracies at the end of the first decade of the twenty- first century, and discusses the implications of changes in party membership for our understanding of models of party organisation. The first two sections provide a broad comparison of the data on party membership in European democracies and analyse changes in membership over time, comparing con- temporary levels with those from both 1980 and the late 1990s, and exploring variations in national patterns. In the third section, we discuss some of the implications of the patterns that we observe in the membership data and suggest that membership has now reached such a low ebb that it may no longer constitute a relevant indicator of party organisational capacity. Alternatively, if membership continues to be regarded as offering a meaningful gauge of party organisational strength, we might then conclude that party organisations have reached such a low ebb that the formal organisational level is itself no longer a relevant indicator of party capacity. In presenting an overview of the levels of party membership in European democracies at the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century, our 24