Which inclusive innovation? Competing normative assumptions around social justice
Which inclusive innovation? Competing normative assumptions around social justice
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哪些包容性创新？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Papaioannou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Levidow;T. Papaioannou
摘要“包容性创新”的概念是对人们日益认识到资本密集型创新通常会导致社会排斥，特别是对低收入人群的社会排斥的回应。关于替代方案，文献中有相互竞争的社会包容模式-其形式、原因和补救办法。这些模式依赖于关于社会经济不平等/公平的不同规范性假设，与社会正义的不同理论阵营相对应：自由个人主义阵营强调社会利益更公平地分配给个人;更多的高科技投资、技能培训、更便宜的产品和/或更有利的外部条件将有助于低收入者获得更多的机会。相比之下，社会集体主义阵营则寻求通过公地和公共物品来重建社会利益的不同条件。任何倡议或政策框架都包含这种假设或它们之间的紧张关系。考虑到这些相互竞争的假设，他们的模型可以明确地用于战略辩论，以开放包容性创新，以更有意识的政治选择。
ABSTRACT The concept ‘inclusive innovation’ has responded to an increasing realization that capital-intensive innovations have generally resulted in social exclusion, especially for lower income people. Towards alternatives, the literature has competing models of social inclusion – its forms, causes and remedies. These models depend on different normative assumptions about socio-economic in/equity, corresponding to divergent theoretical camps of social justice: a liberal-individualist camp emphasizes a fairer distribution of societal benefits to individuals; more high-tech investment, skills training, cheaper products and/or more favourable external conditions will help low-income people to gain greater access. By contrast, a social-collectivist camp seeks different conditions for reconstituting societal benefits through commons and public goods. Any initiative or policy framework entails such assumptions or tensions among them. Given these competing assumptions, their models can be made explicit for strategic debate, towards opening up inclusive innovation to more conscious political choices.