Extreme weather and marriage among girls and women in Bangladesh
Extreme weather and marriage among girls and women in Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102160
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Gilligan, Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carrico, Amanda R.;Donato, Katharine M.;Gilligan, Jonathan
气候变化与社会，经济和政治力量相互作用，可以塑造人口行为。然而，环境压力和婚姻之间的联系受到的关注有限。使用来自615个孟加拉国家庭的调查数据，我们研究了1989年至2013年期间热浪和干旱等极端天气与婚姻风险之间的关系。我们发现，女孩和妇女在热浪发生当年或之后结婚的风险增加。这种联系在18至23岁的妇女中最强，在11至14岁的妇女中最弱。我们还探讨了极端天气导致家庭接受不太理想的女儿求婚的假设。我们发现，那些在极端炎热时期结婚的人，嫁入了更贫穷的家庭，丈夫受教育程度也更低。同样，那些在异常干燥时期结婚的人嫁给了教育程度较低的男人，他们更支持亲密伴侣的暴力行为。这些结果表明，当孟加拉国家庭面临环境冲击时，他们会通过加快女儿的婚姻或接受不太理想的求婚来科普。这种做法可能对妇女和儿童的健康和福祉产生长期影响，并突出表明随着气候变化加剧，妇女面临着独特的脆弱性。
Climate change interacts with social, economic, and political forces in ways that can shape demographic behavior. Yet, the link between environmental stress and marriage has received limited attention. Using survey data from 615 Bangladeshi households, we examine the relationship between extreme weather in the form of heat waves and dry spells, and the risk of marriage over the period from 1989 to 2013. We find that girls and women are at an increased risk of marrying in the year of or following heat waves. The link is strongest for women aged 18 to 23, and weakest for those 11 to 14. We also explore the hypothesis that extreme weather leads families to accept less desirable marriage proposals for daughters. We find that those who wed during periods of extreme heat married into poorer households and to husbands with less education. Similarly, those who married during abnormally dry periods married men man with less education and who were more supportive of intimate partner violence. Together these results suggest that, when Bangladeshi families face environmental shocks, they cope by hastening the marriage of daughters or accepting less desirable marriage proposals. Such practices are likely to have long-term impacts on the health and well-being of women and children, and underscore the unique vulnerabilities faced by women as climate change intensifies.