Neural correlates of task switching in paternal 15q11–q13 deletion Prader–Willi syndrome
Neural correlates of task switching in paternal 15q11–q13 deletion Prader–Willi syndrome
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.093
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发表时间：
2010-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
K. Woodcock;G. Humphreys;C. Oliver;P. Hansen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Woodcock;G. Humphreys;C. Oliver;P. Hansen
我们报告的第一项研究与普拉德-威利综合征（PWS）的个人任务转换的大脑活动。PWS个体在任务转换中表现出特定的认知缺陷，这可能与脾气爆发和重复提问的表现有关。与PWS和典型的开发控制的参与者的性能相匹配的线索任务切换过程中，和大脑活动的对比开关和非开关块使用功能磁共振成像。PWS患者没有表现出与转换阻滞相关的典型的额顶叶神经活动模式，后顶叶和腹内侧前额叶皮质区域的激活显著减少。我们认为这与PWS在设置适当的注意力权重以使任务集重新配置方面的困难有关。除此之外，PWS个体没有表现出典型的失活模式，腹内侧前额叶皮层前部区域的失活明显较少。一个合理的解释是，PWS患者在默认模式网络中表现出功能障碍，这与注意力控制有关。这些数据表明，即使行为表现与对照组相匹配，PWS中支持任务切换的神经回路也发生了功能变化，从而突出了可能参与基因、认知和行为之间特定途径的神经机制。
We report a first study of brain activity linked to task switching in individuals with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). PWS individuals show a specific cognitive deficit in task switching which may be associated with the display of temper outbursts and repetitive questioning. The performance of participants with PWS and typically developing controls was matched in a cued task switching procedure, and brain activity was contrasted on switching and non-switching blocks using fMRI. Individuals with PWS did not show the typical frontal–parietal pattern of neural activity associated with switching blocks, with significantly reduced activation in regions of the posterior parietal and ventromedial prefrontal cortices. We suggest that this is linked to a difficulty in PWS in setting appropriate attentional weights to enable task-set reconfiguration. In addition to this, PWS individuals did not show the typical pattern of deactivation, with significantly less deactivation in an anterior region of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. One plausible explanation for this is that individuals with PWS show dysfunction within the default mode network, which has been linked to attentional control. The data point to functional changes in the neural circuitry supporting task switching in PWS even when behavioural performance is matched to controls and thus highlight neural mechanisms that may be involved in a specific pathway between genes, cognition and behaviour.