Randomized open-label pilot study of the influence of probiotics and the gut microbiome on toxic metal levels in Tanzanian pregnant women and school children.
Randomized open-label pilot study of the influence of probiotics and the gut microbiome on toxic metal levels in Tanzanian pregnant women and school children.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.01580-14
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发表时间：
2014-10-07
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Reid G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bisanz JE;Enos MK;Mwanga JR;Changalucha J;Burton JP;Gloor GB;Reid G
暴露于环境毒素是21世纪世纪的全球健康问题，通常是饮食摄入的结果。虽然人们努力降低饮食毒素水平，但往往不成功，这就阻碍了研究新方法来减少宿主暴露。可以输送到胃肠道并能够隔离毒素的食品级微生物是一种安全且具有成本效益的干预措施。我们试图调查益生菌补充酸奶降低坦桑尼亚姆万扎孕妇和儿童高危人群重金属水平的潜力，并检查与毒素水平相关的微生物组。两个人群怀疑有高毒性金属暴露进行了研究。对44名学龄儿童进行了25天的跟踪，对60名孕妇在最后两个三个月进行了跟踪，直到出生。给予每250 g含有1010 CFU鼠李糖乳杆菌GR-1的酸奶，而对照组接受全脂牛奶或不进行干预。评估了血液金属水平的变化，并通过Ion Torrent平台分析16 S rRNA测序来分析儿童的肠道微生物组。研究发现，与年龄和性别匹配的加拿大人相比，儿童和孕妇的血液铅和汞水平升高。食用益生菌酸奶对孕妇血液中汞（3.2 nmol/L; P = 0.035）和砷（2.3 nmol/L; P = 0.011）水平的进一步增加具有保护作用，但这种趋势在儿童中没有统计学意义。血铅升高与粪便中琥珀酸弧菌科和γ-变形菌相对丰度水平的增加有关。当地生产的益生菌食品是一些发展中国家人民抵御有毒金属接触的一种营养和负担得起的手段。需要进一步研究和实地试验，以便在社区位于矿区和农业区附近的国家探索这一办法，这两类地区的毒素可能会升高。
Exposure to environmental toxins is a 21st century global health problem that is often the result of dietary intake. Although efforts are made to reduce dietary toxin levels, they are often unsuccessful, warranting research into novel methods to reduce host exposure. Food-grade microbes that can be delivered to the gastrointestinal tract and that are capable of sequestering toxins present a safe and cost-effective intervention. We sought to investigate the potential for probiotic-supplemented yogurt to lower heavy metal levels in at-risk populations of pregnant women and in children in Mwanza, Tanzania, and to examine the microbiome in relation to toxin levels. Two populations suspected to have high toxic metal exposures were studied. A group of 44 school-aged children was followed over 25 days, and 60 pregnant women were followed over their last two trimesters until birth. A yogurt containing 1010 CFU Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 per 250 g was administered, while control groups received either whole milk or no intervention. Changes in blood metal levels were assessed, and the gut microbiomes of the children were profiled by analyzing 16S rRNA sequencing via the Ion Torrent platform. The children and pregnant women in the study were found to have elevated blood levels of lead and mercury compared to age- and sex-matched Canadians. Consumption of probiotic yogurt had a protective effect against further increases in mercury (3.2 nmol/liter; P = 0.035) and arsenic (2.3 nmol/liter; P = 0.011) blood levels in the pregnant women, but this trend was not statistically significant in the children. Elevated blood lead was associated with increases in Succinivibrionaceae and Gammaproteobacteria relative abundance levels in stool. Probiotic food produced locally represents a nutritious and affordable means for people in some developing countries to counter exposures to toxic metals. Further research and field trials are warranted to explore this approach in countries where communities are located near mining sites and agricultural areas, two types of areas where toxins are likely to be elevated.