Alarm call‐based discrimination between common cuckoo and Eurasian sparrowhawk in a Chinese population of great tits
Alarm call‐based discrimination between common cuckoo and Eurasian sparrowhawk in a Chinese population of great tits
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DOI：
10.1111/eth.12624
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发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Jiangping Yu;Xiaoying Xing;Yun-lei Jiang;W. Liang;Haitao Wang;A. Møller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiangping Yu;Xiaoying Xing;Yun-lei Jiang;W. Liang;Haitao Wang;A. Møller
常见的杜鹃Cuculus canorus与欧亚雀鹰Accipiter nisus的形态相似性被认为是捕食者模仿的一个例子。共同的宿主可以区分寄生虫作为共同进化的结果，而罕见的宿主或非宿主可能会将杜鹃误认为鹰，因为罕见的宿主或非宿主在面对这两个物种时表现相似。鸟类在遇到危险时，除了表现出行为反应外，通常还会发出警报声。然而，以往的研究识别罕见的主机或非主机的雀鹰通常缺乏实验证据的报警电话。大山雀Parus major是一种罕见的杜鹃宿主，也有类似的行为，通常会发出警报声来回应雀鹰和普通杜鹃。在这里，我们测试是否大山雀可以区分普通杜鹃雀鹰的基础上分析其报警电话和报警电话的播放对同种行为的影响。以往的研究表明，大山雀有一个复杂的通信系统，传达有关捕食者的信息，它们可以执行不同的警报呼叫不同类型的反应行为。如果大山雀还没有区分杜鹃和雀鹰的能力，那么它们对这两种鸟的声音反应和它们在回放实验中的反应行为应该是相似的。一个常见的杜鹃（寄生虫），雀鹰（捕食者）和东方斑鸠Streptopelia orientalis（无害的控制）的标本被用来引发和随后记录的反应行为和报警呼叫的大山雀。大山雀对杜鹃、雀鹰和鸽子的行为反应差异不显著。相比之下，他们在报警电话上有很大的不同。大山雀产生更多的说明，每一个电话，其中包含增加D型和减少I型音符时，响应雀鹰相比，杜鹃或鸽子。在回放实验中，我们发现大山雀对大山雀鹰的反应比对大山雀布谷鸟或大山雀鸽子的警报叫声更强烈。我们的研究表明，大山雀能够区分雀鹰从常见的杜鹃和传达相关信息的报警电话通过调整的数量和组合的一个单一的呼叫类型的音符。
Morphological resemblance of the common cuckoo Cuculus canorus to the Eurasian sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus has been regarded as an example of predator mimicry. Common hosts could distinguish parasites as the result of coevolution, while rare hosts or non-hosts may mistake cuckoos for hawks because rare hosts or non-hosts behave similarly when faced with these two species. Birds usually produce alarm calls in addition to showing behavioral responses when in danger. However, previous studies of identification by rare hosts or non-hosts of sparrowhawks usually lacked experimental evidence of alarm calls. Great tits Parus major, a rare cuckoo host, perform similar behaviors and usually produce alarm calls in response to sparrowhawks and common cuckoos. Here, we tested whether great tits could distinguish common cuckoo from sparrowhawk based on analysis of their alarm calls and the effects of playback of alarm calls on conspecific behavior. Previous studies showed that great tits have a complex communication system that conveys information about predators, and they could perform different kinds of response behavior to different alarm calls. If great tits have not made the ability to distinguish between common cuckoo and sparrowhawk, then their acoustic responses to these two species and their response behaviors in playback experiments should be similar. Specimens of a common cuckoo (parasite), a sparrowhawk (predator) and an Oriental turtle dove Streptopelia orientalis (harmless control) were used to elicit and subsequently record the response behavior and alarm calls of great tits. There was no significant difference in behavioral response among great tits when exposed to the dummy of cuckoo, sparrowhawk and dove. In contrast, they differed significantly in alarm calls. Great tits produced more notes per call that contained increasing D-type and decreasing I-type notes when responding to sparrowhawk as compared to cuckoo or dove. In playback experiments, we found that great tits responded more strongly to great tit hawk than to great tit cuckoo or great tit dove alarm calls. Our study suggests that great tits are able to distinguish sparrowhawks from common cuckoos and convey relevant information in alarm calls by adjusting the number and combinations of notes of a single call type.