Assessing the conservation effectiveness of wetland protected areas in Northeast China
Assessing the conservation effectiveness of wetland protected areas in Northeast China
复制标题
东北地区湿地保护区保护效果评价
DOI：
10.1007/s11273-015-9462-y
复制
发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Dong, Zhangyu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lu, Chunyan;Wang, Zongming;Dong, Zhangyu
评估湿地保护区的保护效果对于政府和管理者制定基于知识的保护政策和资金决策至关重要。利用Landsat专题成像数据和最大熵模型（Maxent），对东北地区28个湿地保护区2000 - 2012年的保护效果进行了定量评价。在地理信息系统的支持下，结合景观开发强度指数和空间分析，研究了保护效果的空间分布特征以及人类活动对保护效果的影响。结果表明，2000 - 2012年，东北地区各湿地保护区的自然湿地面积减少了11.5%，大部分湿地保护区的保护效能下降。LDI指数与保护效果呈显著负相关（r=-0.824，p < 0.01），表明人为活动是湿地保护区保护效果低下的主要原因。保护效益高的湿地保护区主要分布在人类活动有限的大兴安岭和小兴安岭。松嫩平原和三江平原湿地保护区退化最严重，湿地保护区保护效能的降低主要是由于湿地向农田的转化。该研究为水环境保护区的保护效果评价提供了一种有效的方法。本研究结果将为今后中国湿地保护区的生态保护和管理提供参考。
The evaluation of conservation effectiveness for wetland protected areas (WPAs) is essential to underpin knowledge-based conservation policies and funding decisions by government and managers. In this paper, the conservation effectiveness for 28 WPAs in Northeast China from 2000 to 2012 was quantitatively evaluated using landsat thematic mapper image data and a maximum entropy model (Maxent). The spatial distribution of conservation effectiveness and the influence of human activities on conservation effectiveness were determined by combining a landscape development intensity (LDI) index and spatial analysis in a geographical information system. The results showed that the natural wetland area of all WPAs in Northeast China declined by 11.5 % and the conservation effectiveness of most of these WPAs decreased between 2000 and 2012. A significant negative correlation between the LDI index and conservation effectiveness (r= −0.824,p< 0.01) suggested that human activities were responsible for the low conservation effectiveness of WPAs. The WPAs with the high conservation effectiveness were mainly located in the Da-Xing’an and Xiao-Xing’an Mountains, where anthropogenic activities were limited. The reduction in the conservation effectiveness of WPAs in the Songnen and Sanjiang Plains, which showed the most degradation, was due to conversion of wetlands to croplands. This research offers an efficient and effective method to evaluate the conservation effectiveness of WPAs. The results of this study will inform future ecological conservation and management of WPAs in China.