Gingival Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: A Unique Tissue Engineering Gem.
Gingival Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: A Unique Tissue Engineering Gem.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/7154327
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Dörfer CE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fawzy El-Sayed KM;Dörfer CE
人类牙龈以其出色的无瘢痕伤口愈合特性为特征，是一种独特的组织，也是牙周组织的关键组成部分，它包绕并环绕着牙槽骨牙槽内的牙齿。近年来，具有良好再生和免疫调节特性的牙龈间充质干/祖细胞（G - MSCs）已从牙龈固有层中分离出来并得到了鉴定。与其他间充质干/祖细胞来源相比，这些细胞数量丰富、易于获取，并且通过微创细胞分离技术即可轻松获得。本综述总结了关于G - MSCs的分离、鉴定、所研究的亚群、所生成的诱导多能干细胞样G - MSCs、其再生特性以及当前G - MSCs的递送方法的现有科学证据。该综述还展示了它们的免疫调节特性、通过多种生物分子进行移植预处理以增强其特性的尝试，以及在体内实验动物模型中为治疗多种疾病而进行的实验性治疗应用。G - MSCs显示出显著的组织修复/再生潜力和值得注意的免疫调节特性，并且G - MSCs的初步实验性治疗应用非常有前景，指向未来基于生物学的治疗技术，可能优于传统的临床治疗方式。
The human gingiva, characterized by its outstanding scarless wound healing properties, is a unique tissue and a pivotal component of the periodontal apparatus, investing and surrounding the teeth in their sockets in the alveolar bone. In the last years gingival mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (G-MSCs), with promising regenerative and immunomodulatory properties, have been isolated and characterized from the gingival lamina propria. These cells, in contrast to other mesenchymal stem/progenitor cell sources, are abundant, readily accessible, and easily obtainable via minimally invasive cell isolation techniques. The present review summarizes the current scientific evidence on G-MSCs' isolation, their characterization, the investigated subpopulations, the generated induced pluripotent stem cells- (iPSC-) like G-MSCs, their regenerative properties, and current approaches for G-MSCs' delivery. The review further demonstrates their immunomodulatory properties, the transplantation preconditioning attempts via multiple biomolecules to enhance their attributes, and the experimental therapeutic applications conducted to treat multiple diseases in experimental animal models in vivo. G-MSCs show remarkable tissue reparative/regenerative potential, noteworthy immunomodulatory properties, and primary experimental therapeutic applications of G-MSCs are very promising, pointing at future biologically based therapeutic techniques, being potentially superior to conventional clinical treatment modalities.