Detection and evaluation of novel herpesviruses in routine and pathological samples from Asian and African elephants: Identification of two new probosciviruses (EEHV5 and EEHV6) and two new gammaherpesviruses (EGHV3B and EGHV5)
Detection and evaluation of novel herpesviruses in routine and pathological samples from Asian and African elephants: Identification of two new probosciviruses (EEHV5 and EEHV6) and two new gammaherpesviruses (EGHV3B and EGHV5)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.05.042
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发表时间：
2011-01-10
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Hayward, Gary S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Latimer, Erin;Zong, Jian-Chao;Hayward, Gary S.
大象嗜内皮疱疹病毒（EEHV）的全身性感染是一种快速发作的急性出血性疾病，死亡率为85%。全世界已确诊60多例，主要发生在幼年亚洲象中。最初，鉴定出三种病毒类型EEHV1A、EEHV1B和EEHV2，它们都是乙型疱疹病毒科鼻病毒属的成员。然而，通过DNA PCR方法也在无症状动物的眼睛和生殖器分泌物中发现了四种大象伽玛疱疹病毒（EGHV），最近在急性出血性疾病病例中发现了另外两种鼻病毒，EEHV3和EEHV4。为了了解是否存在更多种类的大象疱疹病毒，我们开发了几种新的诊断性DNA PCR检测方法，使用DNA POL区域的多个圆形引物。近三年来，这些方法一直被常规用于筛选提交给大象疱疹病毒实验室的样本，以诊断血液和尸检组织中可能的EEHV疾病病例，以及其他可疑病变或生长的活组织检查。确认了更多的eehv1相关出血性疾病病例，但除此之外，我们在这里描述了使用这些试剂检测和评估的其他已知和新型疱疹病毒的11例。它们包括四种新的大象疱疹病毒的原型，另外两种属于鼻病毒组的EEHV5和EEHV6，以及另外两种伽马疱疹病毒EGHV3B和EGHV5。我们还报告了初步的半定量PCR分析，显示EEHV3和eehv4相关出血性疾病病例血液中的病毒载量非常高。(C) 2010 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Systemic infections with elephant endotheliotropic herpesviruses (EEHV) cause a rapid onset acute hemorrhagic disease with an 85% mortality rate. More than 60 cases have been confirmed worldwide occurring predominantly in juvenile Asian elephants. Originally, three virus types EEHV1A, EEHV1B and EEHV2 were identified, all members of the Proboscivirus genus within the Betaherpesvirinae. However, four elephant gammaherpesviruses (EGHV) have also been found by DNA PCR approaches in eye and genital secretions of asymptomatic animals, and two more versions of the probosciviruses, EEHV3 and EEHV4, were recently detected in acute hemorrhagic disease cases. To ask whether even more species of elephant herpesviruses may exist, we have developed several new diagnostic DNA PCR assays using multiple round primers in the DNA POL region. These have been used routinely for nearly three years to screen samples submitted to the Elephant Herpesvirus Laboratory for diagnosis of possible cases of EEHV disease in blood and necropsy tissue, as well as in biopsies of other suspicious lesions or growths. Several more cases of EEHV1-associated hemorrhagic disease were confirmed, but in addition, we describe here eleven examples of other known and novel herpesviruses detected and evaluated with these reagents. They include the prototypes of four new elephant herpesviruses, two more within the proboscivirus group EEHV5 and EEHV6, plus two more gammaherpesviruses EGHV3B and EGHV5. We also report initial semi-quantitative PCR assays demonstrating very high viral loads in the blood of the EEHV3 and EEHV4-associated hemorrhagic disease cases. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.