Heatwaves and public health in Europe
Heatwaves and public health in Europe
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DOI：
10.1093/eurpub/ckl049
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Ebi, Kristie L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kovats, R. Sari;Ebi, Kristie L.
需要实施公共卫生措施，以防止社区和照顾老年人或弱势群体的机构中与高温有关的疾病和死亡。高温健康预警系统（HHWS）将公共卫生行动与危险天气的气象预报联系起来。在缺乏有力证据表明具体措施在减少热浪死亡率或发病率方面的有效性的情况下，欧洲正在实施这种系统。鉴于目前对高危人群的了解，被动传播避热建议可能是无效的。HHWS应与积极识别和护理高风险个人联系起来。这些系统要求明确所涉多个机构（包括气象服务机构和地方卫生和社会保健机构）的责任线。在改善住房、照顾家中老年人和机构中的弱势群体方面，还需要采取其他保健干预措施。欧洲国家需要相互学习如何为未来的热浪做好准备并有效科普。在热浪预警系统的设计中纳入评估标准将有助于确保系统有效、高效地运行。
Public health measures need to be implemented to prevent heat-related illness and mortality in the community and in institutions that care for elderly or vulnerable people. Heat health warning systems (HHWS) link public health actions to meteorological forecasts of dangerous weather. Such systems are being implemented in Europe in the absence of strong evidence of the effectiveness of specific measures in reducing heatwave mortality or morbidity. Passive dissemination of heat avoidance advice is likely to be ineffective given the current knowledge of high-risk groups. HHWS should be linked to the active identification and care of high-risk individuals. The systems require clear lines of responsibility for the multiple agencies involved (including the weather service, and the local health and social care agencies). Other health interventions are necessary in relation to improved housing, and the care of the elderly at home and vulnerable people in institutions. European countries need to learn from each other how to prepare for and effectively cope with heatwaves in the future. Including evaluation criteria in the design of heatwave early warning systems will help ensure effective and efficient system operation.