Neural correlates of detecting pretense: Automatic engagement of the intentional stance under covert conditions
Neural correlates of detecting pretense: Automatic engagement of the intentional stance under covert conditions
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DOI：
10.1162/0898929042947892
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Miller, MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
German, TP;Niehaus, JL;Miller, MB
通常情况下，发育中的儿童在18到24个月大的时候就开始产生和理解假装游戏，早期伪装被认为是部署他人心理状态表征的核心能力--“心理理论”。在一项功能磁共振成像研究中，16名健康的成年志愿者在观看演员的短片(5秒)时被成像，这些演员要么在隐蔽的条件下执行简单的日常动作，要么假装执行一组类似的动作(例如，参与者没有被指示关注演员的心理状态)。与真实动作相比，当受试者看到伪装动作时，内侧前额叶区域(Brodmann‘s区[BA]9/6/32、9和10)、双侧额下回(BA 44、47)、临时顶区(BA 21和22)以及包括杏仁核在内的海马区的活动增加。这一结果表明，即使在没有明确的“读心术”指导的情况下，至少一些先前涉及做出明确的心理状态判断的区域也被强烈激活，以响应需要对心理状态进行解释的行为(例如，伪装)。这一结果是在提出由自动的专门机制来解释社会代理人的行为的“心理理论”的账户方面进行讨论的。
Typically developing children begin to produce and understand pretend play between 18 and 24 months of age, and early pretense has been argued to be a candidate "core" capacity central to the deployment of representations of other peoples' mental states-"theory of mind." In a functional magnetic resonance imaging study, 16 healthy adult volunteers were imaged while watching short (5 sec) clips of actors who either performed simple everyday actions or pretended to perform a similar set of actions, under covert conditions (e.g., participants were not directed to attend to actors' mental states). There was increased activity in the medial prefrontal areas (Brodmann's areas [BA] 9/6/32, 9, and 10), inferior frontal gyrus bilaterally (BA 44, 47), temporo-parietal regions (BA 21 and 22), and parahippocampal areas, including the amygdala, when subjects viewed pretend actions as compared with real actions. This result suggests that at least some areas previously implicated in making explicit mental state judgments are also strongly activated in response to actions that call for mental state interpretation (e.g., pretense) even when there is no explicit instruction for "mind reading." This outcome is discussed in terms of accounts that propose "theory of mind" to be underwritten by automatic specialized mechanisms for the interpretation of the behavior of social agents.