Behavioral economic analysis of cue-elicited craving for alcohol
Behavioral economic analysis of cue-elicited craving for alcohol
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03004.x
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Monti, Peter M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacKillop, James;O'Hagen, Sean;Monti, Peter M.
目的
由于实证研究结果不明确，渴望作为药物使用的一种动机决定因素仍然存在争议。一种行为经济学方法可能会阐明渴望的本质，该理论认为主观渴望在功能上反映了药物价值的急剧增加。本研究通过在酒精线索反应程序过程中对酒精需求进行多维度评估来检验这一假设。
设计
单因素被试内设计。
环境
人类实验室环境。
参与者
重度饮酒者（n = 92）先接触中性（水）线索，然后接触个性化的酒精线索。
评估
在每次接触后，对参与者的渴望、酒精需求、情感和唾液分泌进行评估。
结果
酒精线索相较于中性线索显著增加了渴望以及酒精相对价值的多种行为经济学指标，包括零成本条件下的酒精消费量（强度）、酒精的最大支出（O - 最大值）、在价格较高时坚持饮酒（断点）以及相应的价格不敏感性（标准化P - 最大值）。渴望与需求指标在0.21 - 0.43的水平上显著相关。
结论
这些发现支持了行为经济学方法在理解环境刺激在与酒精相关的决策中所起作用方面的潜在效用。具体而言，它们表明需求的行为经济学指标可能提供补充性的动机信息，这些信息与主观渴望的测量相关，但并非完全冗余。
AimsCraving as a motivational determinant of drug use remains controversial because of ambiguous empirical findings. A behavioral economic approach may clarify the nature of craving, theorizing that subjective craving functionally reflects an acute increase in a drug's value. The current study tested this hypothesis via a multidimensional assessment of alcohol demand over the course of an alcohol cue reactivity procedure.DesignOne-way within-subjects design.SettingHuman laboratory environment.ParticipantsHeavy drinkers (n = 92) underwent exposures to neutral (water) cues followed by personalized alcohol cues.AssessmentsParticipants were assessed for craving, alcohol demand, affect, and salivation following each exposure.FindingsAlcohol versus neutral cues significantly increased craving and multiple behavioral economic measures of the relative value of alcohol, including alcohol consumption under conditions of zero cost (intensity), maximum expenditure on alcohol (O-max), persistence in drinking to higher prices (breakpoint) and proportionate price insensitivity (normalized P-max). Craving was significantly correlated with demand measures at levels ranging from 0.21-0.43.ConclusionsThese findings support the potential utility of a behavioral economic approach to understanding the role of environmental stimuli in alcohol-related decision making. Specifically, they suggest that the behavioral economic indices of demand may provide complementary motivational information that is related to though not entirely redundant with measures of subjective craving.