Snippets from the past: seventy years ago in the Journal.
Snippets from the past: seventy years ago in the Journal.
复制标题
过去的片段：七十年前的杂志。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117213
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Comstock,GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Comstock,GW
1924年《美国卫生学杂志》第4卷收录了47篇论文，其中一半以上与三个广泛定义的主题有关。寄生虫学以13篇论文位居榜首，其中7篇是关于钩虫感染的。剩下的14个在昆虫学和人口统计学之间平分秋色。没有一份寄生虫学的论文和几份昆虫学的论文似乎能引起今天大多数流行病学家的兴趣。一个可能的例外是一项关于雌性按蚊进食偏好的研究（1），这是对前一年报告的放大（2）。这一次，幼虫是从切萨皮克湾的一个河口收集的。新孵化的成虫在连续的夜晚被释放在马厩里，并允许以各种潜在的宿主为食。每天早晨，收集充血的雌性动物，并分析其血餐以确定宿主动物。蚊子更喜欢马和牛而不是人，人比狗和猪更喜欢;猫和山羊很少被选中，兔子和鸡从来没有。一个主要的混淆因素是，每个物种的一些个体比他们的同龄人更受欢迎。作者总结说：”在疟疾刚刚维持的地方，通过增加家畜的数量，特别是马、牛和狗，很可能打破疟原虫的生命周期。当然，这些动物应该被关在离人类动物很近的地方，尤其是在晚上。”（第2卷，第118页）
Volume 4 of the American Journal of Hygiene for 1924 contained 47 papers, with more than half being related to three topics, broadly defined. Parasitology led the list with 13 papers, seven of which were devoted to hookworm infestation. The remaining 14 were evenly divided between entomology and demography. None of the parasitology papers and few of those on entomology seem likely to interest most epidemiologists today. A possible exception is a study of the feeding preferences of female anopheline mosquitos (1), an amplification of the previous year's report (2). This time, larvae were collected from an estuary of the Chesapeake Bay. The newly hatched adults were released in a stable on successive nights and allowed to feed on a variety of potential hosts. Each morning, the engorged females were collected and their blood meals were analyzed to determine the host animal. Horses and cows were preferred by the mosquitos over humans, humans over dogs and pigs; cats and goats were rarely chosen, and rabbits and chickens never. A major confounder was that some individuals of each species were preferred over their peers. The authors concluded," In localities where malaria is just maintaining itself, it would be quite possible to break the life cycle of the plasmodia by increasing the number of domestic animals, particularly horses, cows, and dogs. These animals should, of course, be kept in close proximity to the human domiciles, especially at night"(2, p. 118).