Climatic implications of cirque distribution in the Romanian Carpathians: palaeowind directions during glacial periods
Climatic implications of cirque distribution in the Romanian Carpathians: palaeowind directions during glacial periods
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DOI：
10.1002/jqs.1363
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发表时间：
2010-09
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
M. Mîndrescu;I. Evans;N. Cox
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Mîndrescu;I. Evans;N. Cox
罗马尼亚山区的许多冰川冰斗表明了以前冰川源的分布，与以前的气候和地形有关。在南喀尔巴阡山脉，冰斗底部向东上升0.714 m km−1，且朝向东北偏东方向，证实了西风的重要性。在两个相邻的山脉之间有一个对比：Fenggengrafan，那里的冰斗倾向于东北偏东，而Iezer，那里的趋势更强，倾向于东北偏北。这可以解释为伊泽尔山脉受到风的庇护，这意味着在山脉冰川时期，来自西北部的降雨风。古冰川作用水平也表明风从西北，这是一致的，从更新世沙丘，yardangs和黄土的匈牙利和罗马尼亚西南部的平原特征的风成证据。在罗马尼亚北方（包括乌克兰马拉穆列什），西风的影响很重要，但只足以在冰斗方面产生东北方向的趋势。这给了更强的不对称性比在阿尔卑斯山，因为北（太阳辐射入射）的趋势，在这些边缘冰川山脉较少稀释风的影响。罗马尼亚北方的冰斗地板在东北面的冰斗中也较低。一般来说，冰斗的方位是由几个因素造成的，平均趋势不是顺风，而是被风和轻微的影响从极地转移。版权所有© 2010约翰威利父子有限公司.
The many glacial cirques in the mountains of Romania indicate the distribution of former glacier sources, related to former climates as well as to topography. In the Transylvanian Alps (Southern Carpathians) cirque floors rise eastward at 0.714 m km−1, and cirque aspects tend ENE, confirming the importance of winds from some westerly direction. There is a contrast between two neighbouring ranges: the Făgăraş, where the favoured aspect of cirques is ENE, and the Iezer, where the tendency is stronger and to NNE. This can be explained by the Iezer Mountains being sheltered by the Făgăraş, which implies precipitation‐bearing winds from north of west at times of mountain glaciation. Palaeoglaciation levels also suggest winds from north of west, which is consistent with aeolian evidence from Pleistocene dunes, yardangs and loess features in the plains of Hungary and southwestern Romania. In northern Romania (including Ukrainian Maramureş) the influence of west winds was important, but sufficient only to give a northeastward tendency in cirque aspects. This gave stronger asymmetry than in the Transylvanian Alps, as the northward (solar radiation incidence) tendency in these marginally glaciated mountains was less diluted by wind effects. Cirque floors in northern Romania are lower also in northeast‐facing cirques. In general, cirque aspects result from several factors and the mean tendency is not downwind, but is displaced from poleward by wind and by minor effects. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.