Identification of phthalate esters in the serum of young Puerto Rican girls with premature breast development.
Identification of phthalate esters in the serum of young Puerto Rican girls with premature breast development.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.108-2556932
复制
发表时间：
2000-09
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Rosario O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colón I;Caro D;Bourdony CJ;Rosario O
乳房发育过早（thelarche）是指年龄小于8岁的女孩乳房组织的生长，没有其他青春期的表现。据报道，波多黎各的早产儿发病率最高。自从这一严重的公共卫生异常现象被观察到以来的过去二十年里，对这一现象没有找到任何解释。一些有机污染物，包括杀虫剂和一些增塑剂，会破坏野生动物正常的性发育，其中许多在波多黎各被广泛使用。本研究旨在鉴定波多黎各早产女孩血清中的污染物。以农药和邻苯二甲酸酯为模型化合物，对血清分析方法进行了优化和验证。所有化合物的回收率均为80%。最后采用气相色谱/质谱法进行检测。我们分析了41份来自老年患者的血清样本和35份对照样本。研究对象和对照组血清中未检出农药及其代谢物残留。在28例（68%）早期患者样本中发现了显著高水平的邻苯二甲酸盐[二甲基、二乙基、二丁基和二（2-乙基己基）]及其主要代谢物邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基己基）。在分析的对照样本中，只有一个显示出显著水平的邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯。我们发现的邻苯二甲酸酯被归类为内分泌干扰物。这项研究表明，已知具有雌激素和抗雄激素活性的增塑剂与人类女性乳房过早发育的原因之间可能存在关联。
Premature breast development (thelarche) is the growth of mammary tissue in girls younger than 8 years of age without other manifestations of puberty. Puerto Rico has the highest known incidence of premature thelarche ever reported. In the last two decades since this serious public health anomaly has been observed, no explanation for this phenomenon has been found. Some organic pollutants, including pesticides and some plasticizers, can disrupt normal sexual development in wildlife, and many of these have been widely used in Puerto Rico. This investigation was designed to identify pollutants in the serum of Puerto Rican girls with premature thelarche. A method for blood serum analysis was optimized and validated using pesticides and phthalate esters as model compounds of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Recovery was > 80% for all compounds. We performed final detection by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. We analyzed 41 serum samples from thelarche patients and 35 control samples. No pesticides or their metabolite residues were detected in the serum of the study or control subjects. Significantly high levels of phthalates [dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, and di-(2-ethylhexyl)] and its major metabolite mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were identified in 28 (68%) samples from thelarche patients. Of the control samples analyzed, only one showed significant levels of di-isooctyl phthalate. The phthalates that we identified have been classified as endocrine disruptors. This study suggests a possible association between plasticizers with known estrogenic and antiandrogenic activity and the cause of premature breast development in a human female population.