Language policy, the nation and nationalism
Language policy, the nation and nationalism
复制标题
语言政策、民族和民族主义
DOI：
10.1017/cbo9780511979026.006
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Wright
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Wright
在19世纪和20世纪的过程中，民主的民族国家逐渐成为欧洲所有国家的政治组织形式。欧洲人不再是统治者的臣民，统治者对他们的权力是绝对的，他们往往经历了颠簸和挫折，获得了在某种程度上必须在政治和社会事务上征求意见的公民地位。民族国家模式随后被输出到世界其他地区，特别是当遭受殖民统治的人民寻求独立时。民主民族国家的发展对语言实践产生了巨大的影响。一个国王或皇帝如果相信自己拥有神圣的统治权，就不会觉得有必要征求臣民的意见，而一个民主政府必须说服选民重新选举它。一旦“主权人民”为治理提供合法性，对交流社区的需求就会显现出来。
During the course of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the democratic nation-state gradually came to be the form of political organization for all the countries of Europe. Europeans ceased to be subjects of rulers whose power over them was absolute and achieved, often with jolts and setbacks, the status of citizens who had to be consulted to some degree on political and social matters. The nation-state model was subsequently exported to other parts of the world, particularly as peoples who had suffered colonization sought independence. The development of the democratic nation-state had an immense effect on language practices. Whereas a king or emperor who believes he has a divine right to rule feels little need to consult his subjects, a democratic government must persuade its electorate to re-elect it. The need for a community of communication comes to the fore as soon as the ‘sovereign people’ provide legitimacy for governance.