Open Access Digital Data Sharing: Principles, Policies and Practices☆
Open Access Digital Data Sharing: Principles, Policies and Practices☆
复制标题
开放获取数字数据共享：原则、政策和实践☆
DOI：
10.1080/02691728.2012.760663
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
O. Parry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Mauthner;O. Parry
通过数据共享政策，研究数据的开放获取在资助和研究相关组织中日益制度化。许多社会和自然科学家不愿意在开放获取的基础上发布数据，从而阻碍了对这些政策的遵守。解决数据共享障碍的主要方法集中在方法、道德、法律、科学和技术基础设施上。本文通过研究数据共享的条件和实践的变化来探讨数据共享的障碍；具体来说，最近推出的数字数据共享政策及其将开放获取制度化作为规范的数据共享模式。研究了支撑开放获取数字数据共享政策和原则的科学、道德和政治假设，并考虑了它们对数据共享实践的影响。该论文建议，数据共享障碍可以从政策与实践鸿沟的角度来理解，即数据共享政策未能将数据共享视为一种关系实践。总之，利用大规模观测档案指南作为有用的说明性模型，提出了数据共享政策的替代关系方法。
Open access to research data is increasingly being institutionalized across funding and research-related organizations through data sharing policies. Compliance with these policies has been hampered by reluctance, amongst many social and natural scientists, to release data on an open access basis. Dominant approaches to tackling data sharing obstacles focus on methodological, ethical, legal, scientific and technological infrastructures. This article explores barriers to data sharing through examination of the changing conditions and practices of data sharing; specifically, the recent introduction of digital data sharing policies and their institutionalization of open access as a normative data sharing model. The scientific, moral and political assumptions underpinning open access digital data sharing policies and principles are examined, and their implications considered for data sharing practices. The paper suggests that data sharing obstacles may be understood in terms of a policy–practice divide, whereby data sharing policies fail to recognize data sharing as a relational practice. In conclusion, alternative relational approaches to data sharing policies are proposed, drawing on the Mass Observation Archive guidelines as a useful illustrative model.