Perceptual learning of speech under optimal and adverse conditions.
Perceptual learning of speech under optimal and adverse conditions.
复制标题
最佳和不利条件下言语的感知学习。
DOI：
10.1037/a0033182
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Samuel,ArthurG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang,Xujin;Samuel,ArthurG
尽管语音有很大的可变性，但人类理解口语的能力是惊人的。先前的研究表明，听者可以使用词汇信息来指导他们对言语中非典型声音的理解(Norris，McQueen，&Cutler，2003)。这种词汇诱导的知觉学习使人们能够适应由于说话者的个人身份和方言等特定特征而导致的话语变化。目前的研究考察了两种最佳条件下的知觉学习：对话式语音(实验1)和清晰语音(实验2)，以及三种不利条件：噪声(实验3a)和两种认知负荷(实验4a和4b)。知觉学习发生在两种最优条件和两种认知负荷条件下，而不是在噪声条件下。此外，每个参与者的知觉学习只发生在两个会话的第一个阶段，并且只对非典型的/S/声音进行，而不对非典型的/f/声音进行。这种学习和不学习的模式反映了语音系统必须在灵活性和稳定性之间取得平衡，以便在遇到语音的不同条件下处理语音的可变性。(心理信息数据库记录(C)2020 APA，版权所有)
Humans have a remarkable ability to understand spoken language despite the large amount of variability in speech. Previous research has shown that listeners can use lexical information to guide their interpretation of atypical sounds in speech (Norris, McQueen, & Cutler, 2003). This kind of lexically induced perceptual learning enables people to adjust to the variations in utterances due to talker-specific characteristics, such as individual identity and dialect. The current study investigated perceptual learning in two optimal conditions: conversational speech (Experiment 1) versus clear speech (Experiment 2), and three adverse conditions: noise (Experiment 3a) versus two cognitive loads (Experiments 4a and 4b). Perceptual learning occurred in the two optimal conditions and in the two cognitive load conditions, but not in the noise condition. Furthermore, perceptual learning occurred only in the first of two sessions for each participant, and only for atypical/s/sounds and not for atypical/f/sounds. This pattern of learning and nonlearning reflects a balance between flexibility and stability that the speech system must have to deal with speech variability in the diverse conditions that speech is encountered.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)