Immunology of vaccination
Immunology of vaccination
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DOI：
10.1093/bmb/62.1.15
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Beverley, PCL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beverley, PCL
理想的疫苗相对容易定义，但很少有真实的疫苗接近理想，并且对于许多生物体来说，疫苗是可预见的未来唯一现实的保护策略。许多困难是未能生产这些疫苗的原因。所有微生物都部署了逃避机制，干扰有效的免疫反应，对于许多生物体来说，尚不清楚哪些免疫反应提供有效的保护。然而，研究病原体免疫反应方法的最新进展使人们更好地了解了免疫机制，包括免疫记忆，并认识到免疫反应的启动是需要通过“危险”信号触发的关键事件。基于这些发现，开发新的佐剂，载体和疫苗配方，刺激最佳和延长保护性免疫，应导致引入疫苗以前的耐药生物体。
An ideal vaccine is relatively easy to define, but few real vaccines approach the ideal and no vaccines exist for many organisms, for which a vaccine is the only realistic protective strategy in the foreseeable future. Many difficulties account for the failure to produce these vaccines. All micro-organisms deploy evasion mechanisms that interfere with effective immune responses and, for many organisms, it is not clear which immune responses provide effective protection. However, recent advances in methods for studying immune response to pathogens have provided a better understanding of immune mechanisms, including immunological memory, and led to the realisation that the initiation of immune responses is a key event requiring triggering through 'danger' signals. Based on these findings, the development of novel adjuvants, vectors and vaccine formulations allowing stimulation of optimal and prolonged protective immunity should lead to the introduction of vaccines for previously resistant organisms.