Glucose modulates Drosophila longevity and immunity independent of the microbiota.
Glucose modulates Drosophila longevity and immunity independent of the microbiota.
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DOI：
10.1242/bio.015016
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发表时间：
2016-01-21
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Foley E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galenza A;Hutchinson J;Campbell SD;Hazes B;Foley E
营养物质的获取对于维持所有生物体的代谢过程至关重要。营养失衡会导致多种代谢紊乱，包括营养不良、糖尿病甚至癌症。最近，食物的常量营养素比例的重要性已成为决定健康结果的关键因素。在这里，我们表明，对完全确定的饮食进行个体修改会显着影响果蝇有机体健康的多个方面。通过对几种饮食的纵向调查，我们证明，膳食葡萄糖水平的增加可显着提高成年果蝇的寿命和免疫力。我们的宏基因组研究表明，相对常量营养素水平不仅影响宿主，而且对微生物群组成产生深远影响。然而，我们发现，即使在无菌环境中饲养，高膳食葡萄糖也能延长成年果蝇的寿命。此外，当受到慢性肠道感染的挑战时，即使在没有完整微生物群的情况下，喂食添加葡萄糖的饮食的果蝇也能延长存活时间。因此，与已知的微生物群和动物健康之间的联系相反，我们的研究结果揭示了一种新的独立于微生物群的饮食反应，影响宿主的健康。由于饮食反应在动物中高度保守，我们相信我们的结果提供了对葡萄糖代谢与动物健康之间关系的总体了解。摘要：膳食葡萄糖通过独立于肠道微生物群的机制提高成年果蝇的寿命和免疫力。
The acquisition of nutrients is essential for maintenance of metabolic processes in all organisms. Nutritional imbalance contributes to myriad metabolic disorders that include malnutrition, diabetes and even cancer. Recently, the importance of macronutrient ratio of food has emerged as a critical factor to determine health outcomes. Here we show that individual modifications to a completely defined diet markedly impact multiple aspects of organism wellbeing in Drosophila melanogaster. Through a longitudinal survey of several diets we demonstrate that increased levels of dietary glucose significantly improve longevity and immunity in adult Drosophila. Our metagenomic studies show that relative macronutrient levels not only influence the host, but also have a profound impact on microbiota composition. However, we found that elevated dietary glucose extended the lifespan of adult flies even when raised in a germ-free environment. Furthermore, when challenged with a chronic enteric infection, flies fed a diet with added glucose had increased survival times even in the absence of an intact microbiota. Thus, in contrast to known links between the microbiota and animal health, our findings uncover a novel microbiota-independent response to diet that impacts host wellbeing. As dietary responses are highly conserved in animals, we believe our results offer a general understanding of the association between glucose metabolism and animal health. Summary: Dietary glucose improves both longevity and immunity in adult Drosophila through a mechanism independent of the intestinal microbiota.