Organ-on-a-chip for assessing environmental toxicants.
Organ-on-a-chip for assessing environmental toxicants.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.019
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Yoon JY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cho S;Yoon JY
人造的外源物，其潜在的毒理学效应尚未完全了解，正在使已经被污染的环境过度饱和。由于毒物积累的速度，无管理的处置，以及未知的对环境和人类的不利影响，有一个至关重要的需要筛选环境毒物。由于物种间差异和/或缺乏生理相关的三维组织环境，动物模型和体外模型在预测体内反应方面是无效的模型。这种传统的筛选试验具有局限性，无法对人体产生的毒物及其代谢物进行动态了解。器官芯片系统可以概括体内样环境和随后的体内样反应，从而产生感兴趣的人体器官的逼真模型，这可能为研究环境毒理学提供与人体生理学相关的模型。芯片上器官的可行性、可调性和低维护性也使构建多器官芯片互联网络成为可能，从而实现现实的人体芯片系统。这种相互连接的器官芯片网络可以有效地用于毒理学研究，通过研究毒物在人体内的代谢，集体反应和命运。进一步的进步可以解决这项技术的挑战，它为环境毒理学研究提供了高预测能力。
Man-made xenobiotics, whose potential toxicological effects are not fully understood, are oversaturating the already-contaminated environment. Due to the rate of toxicant accumulation, unmanaged disposal, and unknown adverse effects to the environment and the human population, there is a crucial need to screen for environmental toxicants. Animal models and in vitro models are ineffective models in predicting in vivo responses due to inter-species difference and/or lack of physiologically-relevant 3D tissue environment. Such conventional screening assays possess limitations that prevent dynamic understanding of toxicants and their metabolites produced in the human body. Organ-on-a-chip systems can recapitulate in vivo like environment and subsequently in vivo like responses generating a realistic mock-up of human organs of interest, which can potentially provide human physiology-relevant models for studying environmental toxicology. Feasibility, tunability, and low-maintenance features of organ-on-chips can also make possible to construct an interconnected network of multiple-organs-on-chip towards a realistic human-on-a-chip system. Such interconnected organ-on-a-chip network can be efficiently utilized for toxicological studies by enabling the study of metabolism, collective response, and fate of toxicants through its journey in the human body. Further advancements can address the challenges of this technology, which potentiates high predictive power for environmental toxicology studies.