Cultivating potential: Harnessing plant stem cells for agricultural crop improvement
Cultivating potential: Harnessing plant stem cells for agricultural crop improvement
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DOI：
10.1016/j.molp.2023.12.014
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发表时间：
2024-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
27.5
通讯作者：
Jackson，David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lindsay，Penelope;Swentowsky，Kyle W.;Jackson，David
分生组织是一种含有干细胞的结构，可以产生所有的植物器官，因此是作物改良的重要目标。发育调节剂控制分生组织内细胞分裂的平衡和速率。改变这些调节器会影响分生组织的结构，从而影响植物的形态。本文综述了调控植物顶端分生组织、花序分生组织、腋生分生组织、根尖分生组织和维管形成层的基因。我们重点介绍了几个例子，展示了作物育种者如何操纵发育调节器来改变分生组织的生长和改变作物的性状，如花序大小和分枝模式。植物转化技术是与植物分生组织研究相关的另一项创新，因为它们使作物基因组工程成为可能。我们讨论了通过研究控制分生组织发育的基因来实现植物转化的最新进展。最后，我们讨论了分生组织研究如何在未来几十年为作物改良做出贡献。
Meristems are stem cell-containing structures that produce all plant organs and are therefore important targets for crop improvement. Developmental regulators control the balance and rate of cell divisions within the meristem. Altering these regulators impacts meristem architecture and, as a consequence, plant form. In this review, we discuss genes involved in regulating the shoot apical meristem, inflorescence meristem, axillary meristem, root apical meristem, and vascular cambium in plants. We highlight several examples showing how crop breeders have manipulated developmental regulators to modify meristem growth and alter crop traits such as inflorescence size and branching patterns. Plant transformation techniques are another innovation related to plant meristem research because they make crop genome engineering possible. We discuss recent advances on plant transformation made possible by studying genes controlling meristem development. Finally, we conclude with discussions about how meristem research can contribute to crop improvement in the coming decades.