The Inconvenience of Revolution: Zapatismo, Cynicism and Memory
The Inconvenience of Revolution: Zapatismo, Cynicism and Memory
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革命的不便：萨帕蒂主义、犬儒主义和记忆
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
Christian Kroll Bryce
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作者：
Christian Kroll Bryce
在这篇文章中，我分析了萨帕塔主义者的政治实践和文学话语，以讨论萨帕塔主义的两个特点，这两个特点在很大程度上被忽视了，但我相信是其跨越国界和影响反对派的做法，社会运动和革命活动的能力在过去二十年的基础。第一个特征是我称之为萨帕塔主义者的丰富的、活生生的记忆，也就是说，来自日常经验和学习的特定地点的记忆，因此不能被系统化和普遍应用。如果说第一个方面是萨帕塔经验本身所固有的，那么第二个特征则更多地与萨帕塔主义起源的土著社区之外如何解读萨帕塔主义者的话语和政治实践有关，即追随犬儒主义和勇敢地说出真相的长期和边缘化传统的脚步。我认为，这两个特征的结合--一个是内在的和特殊的，另一个是外在的和普遍的--使其他人能够通过共同的抵抗精神来分享萨帕塔主义的政治真理，尽管这种抵抗精神抵制了从特定经验中提取普遍原则的冲动，因此承认需要拒绝革命和其他反对实践的现成配方。
In this article, I analyse the Zapatistas’ political practices and literary discourse in order to discuss two features of Zapatismo that have largely been overlooked yet I believe were fundamental for its ability to cross national boundaries and influence oppositional practices, social movements and revolutionary activity in the last two decades. The first feature is what I will call the Zapatistas’ fecund, living memory, that is, the place-specific memory that derives from everyday experience and learning, and therefore cannot be systematized and applied universally. If this first aspect is intrinsic to the Zapatista experience itself, the second feature is more related to how the Zapatistas’ discourse and political practices were read outside the indigenous communities in which Zapatismo originated, namely, as following in the footsteps of the long and marginalized tradition of Cynicism and courageous truth telling. I argue that the combination of these two features—one intrinsic and particular, the other extrinsic and universalizable—enabled others to partake in the political truth of Zapatismo by partaking in a common spirit of resistance that nonetheless resists the impulse to extract universal principles from particular experiences and therefore acknowledges the need to reject ready-made recipes for revolution and other oppositional practices.