Understanding the significance of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteremia in babies and children.
Understanding the significance of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteremia in babies and children.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/qco.0b013e328337fecb
复制
发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Otto M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheung GY;Otto M
本文综述了新生儿和儿童表皮葡萄球菌菌血症/脓毒症和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS）感染的概况。S.新生儿中表皮坏死和CoNS败血症的发病率仍然很高，预防和治疗疾病仍然很困难。近年来，对S.表皮葡萄球菌感染、S.表皮葡萄球菌与宿主防御的关系，以及发展表皮葡萄球菌的危险因素。表皮病例如，我们对生物膜相关导管感染的发展有了更多的了解，这是住院早产儿反复CoNS感染的原因，并且由于生物膜对抗生素的内在耐药性而特别难以治疗。由S.表皮炎常发生于新生儿和成人。S.表皮血流感染在新生儿中尤其成问题。以根除定殖的S. epidermidis可能是一把双刃剑，S. epidermidis定殖可能对宿主有益。新的药物可能来自于对S.表皮葡萄球菌毒力和危险因素的分析可能有助于识别易患细菌性败血症的新生儿。然而，降低发病率应该总是开始通过提高卫生在医院设置，以减少潜在有害的机会致病菌，如沙门氏菌的引入。在留置医疗器械上或在手术期间，
This review provides an overview of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteremia/sepsis and Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) infections in neonates and children. The incidence of S. epidermidis and CoNS sepsis in neonates is still very high and preventing and treating disease remains difficult. There has been recent progress in understanding pathogenesis of S. epidermidis infection, interaction of S. epidermidis with host defenses, and risk factors for the development of S. epidermidis disease. For example, we have gained more insight into the development of biofilm-associated catheter infections, which are responsible for recurrent CoNS infections in hospitalized premature neonates and are especially difficult to treat owing to intrinsic resistance of biofilms to antibiotics. Biofilm-associated catheter infections by S. epidermidis occur frequently in neonates and adults. S. epidermidis bloodstream infections are particularly problematic in neonates. Prophylaxis in the form of eradicating colonizing S. epidermidis may be a double-edged sword, as S. epidermidis colonization may be beneficial to the host. New drugs may arise from a better understanding of S. epidermidis virulence and analysis of risk factors may help identify neonates susceptible to bacterial sepsis. However, reducing morbidity should always begin by increasing hygiene in hospital settings to reduce the introduction of potentially harmful opportunistic pathogens such as S. epidermidis on indwelling medical devices or during surgery.